TY - JOUR
T1 - A case for Tsai's Modulus, an invariant-based approach to stiffness
AU - Arteiro, Albertino
AU - Sharma, Naresh
AU - Melo, Jose Daniel D.
AU - Ha, Sung Kyu
AU - Miravete, Antonio
AU - Miyano, Yasushi
AU - Massard, Thierry
AU - Shah, Pranav D.
AU - Roy, Surajit
AU - Rainsberger, Robert
AU - Rother, Klemens
AU - Cimini, Carlos
AU - Seng, Jocelyn M.
AU - Arakaki, Francisco K.
AU - Tay, Tong Earn
AU - Lee, Woo Il
AU - Sihn, Sangwook
AU - Springer, George S.
AU - Roy, Ajit
AU - Riccio, Aniello
AU - Di Caprio, Francesco
AU - Shrivastava, Sachin
AU - Nettles, Alan T.
AU - Catalanotti, Giuseppe
AU - Camanho, Pedro P.
AU - Seneviratne, Waruna
AU - Marques, António T.
AU - Yang, Henry T.
AU - Hahn, H. Thomas
PY - 2020/11/15
Y1 - 2020/11/15
N2 - For the past six years, we have been benefiting from the discovery by Tsai and Melo (2014) that the trace of the plane stress stiffness matrix (tr(Q)) of an orthotropic composite is a fundamental and powerful scaling property of laminated composite materials. Algebraically, tr(Q) turns out to be a measure of the summation of the moduli of the material. It is, therefore, a material property. Additionally, since tr(Q) is an invariant of the stiffness tensor Q, independently of the coordinate system, the number of layers, layup sequence and loading condition (in-plane or flexural) in a laminate, if the material system remains the same, tr(Q)=tr(A∗)=tr(D∗) is still the same. Therefore, tr(Q) is the total stiffness that one can work with making it one of the most powerful and fundamental concepts discovered in the theory of composites recently. By reducing the number of variables, this concept shall simplify the design, analysis and optimization of composite laminates, thus enabling lighter, stronger and better parts. The reduced number of variables shall result in reducing the number and type of tests required for characterization of composite laminates, thus reducing bureaucratic certification burden. These effects shall enable a new era in the progress of composites in the future. For the above-mentioned reasons, it is proposed here to call this fundamental property, tr(Q), as Tsai's Modulus.
AB - For the past six years, we have been benefiting from the discovery by Tsai and Melo (2014) that the trace of the plane stress stiffness matrix (tr(Q)) of an orthotropic composite is a fundamental and powerful scaling property of laminated composite materials. Algebraically, tr(Q) turns out to be a measure of the summation of the moduli of the material. It is, therefore, a material property. Additionally, since tr(Q) is an invariant of the stiffness tensor Q, independently of the coordinate system, the number of layers, layup sequence and loading condition (in-plane or flexural) in a laminate, if the material system remains the same, tr(Q)=tr(A∗)=tr(D∗) is still the same. Therefore, tr(Q) is the total stiffness that one can work with making it one of the most powerful and fundamental concepts discovered in the theory of composites recently. By reducing the number of variables, this concept shall simplify the design, analysis and optimization of composite laminates, thus enabling lighter, stronger and better parts. The reduced number of variables shall result in reducing the number and type of tests required for characterization of composite laminates, thus reducing bureaucratic certification burden. These effects shall enable a new era in the progress of composites in the future. For the above-mentioned reasons, it is proposed here to call this fundamental property, tr(Q), as Tsai's Modulus.
KW - Analysis
KW - CFRP
KW - Invariants
KW - Stiffness
U2 - 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112683
DO - 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112683
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85088226191
SN - 0263-8223
VL - 252
JO - Composite Structures
JF - Composite Structures
M1 - 112683
ER -