A comparative study: augmented and virtual reality applications for improving comprehension of abstract programming concepts

This paper presents the development of a Virtual Reality (VR) application to enhance the learning experience of Python collection data types for electrical and electronic engineering students, and the comparison of this VR application with an Augmented Reality (AR) application developed for the same field, and a paper-based content. AR and VR, as emerging technologies, hold promise for transforming educational and cognitive processes, especially in engineering education where students often struggle with abstract programming concepts. The research focuses on using VR to make abstract concepts like Python collections more accessible and understandable through immersive and interactive experiences. The VR application allows students to engage with virtual representations of Python data types, promoting a deeper comprehension. A comparative user study was conducted, involving participants using either the VR or AR application or learning through a printed booklet. The effectiveness of these methods was assessed by pre- and post-comprehension tests. The results indicated a significant improvement in understanding Python collections with the VR application, as evidenced by the substantial difference between its pre- and post-test score means. This finding suggests that VR, more effectively than AR or traditional methods, aids in grasping abstract programming concepts.