Abstract
AIM: To use connectivity mapping, a bioinformatics approach, to identify compounds that could induce odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp cells (DPCs) and to experimentally validate this effect. A subsidiary aim was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of any identified compound.
METHODOLOGY: The Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database was searched for microarray data sets assessing odontogenic differentiation of human DPCs. An odontogenic gene expression signature was generated by differential expression analysis. The statistical significant connectivity map (ssCMap) method was used to identify compounds with a highly correlating gene expression pattern. DPCs were treated with the compound identified, and osteo/odontogenic differentiation was assessed by Alizarin red staining, alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of osteo/odontogenic genes ALPL, RUNX2, COL1A1, DSPP, DMP1 and SPP1 by RT-PCR. The anti-inflammatory effect of the compound was assessed using an ex vivo pulpitis model, and cytokine levels were measured with multiplex assay. Means were compared using the t-test or ANOVA followed by a Bonferroni post hoc test with the level of significance set at P ≤ 0.05.
RESULTS: The GEO database search identified a specific gene expression signature for osteo/odontogenic differentiation. Analysis using ssCMap found that acetylsalicylic acid [(ASA)/aspirin] was the drug with the strongest correlation with that gene signature. The treatment of DPCs with 0.05 mmol L-1 ASA showed increased alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.001), mineralization (P < 0.05), and increased the expression of the osteo/odontogenic genes, DMP1 and DSPP (P < 0.05). Low concentration (0.05 mmol L-1 ) ASA reduced inflammatory cytokines IL-6 (P < 0.001), CCL21 (P < 0.05) and MMP-9 (P < 0.05) in an ex vivo pulpitis model.
CONCLUSIONS: Connectivity mapping, a web-based informatics method, was successfully used to identify aspirin as a candidate drug that could modulate the differentiation of DPCs. Aspirin was shown to induce odontogenic differentiation in DPCs in vitro and this, together with its anti-inflammatory effects, makes it a potential candidate for vital pulp therapies.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 834-845 |
Number of pages | 12 |
Journal | International Endodontic Journal |
Volume | 53 |
Issue number | 6 |
Early online date | 13 Feb 2020 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - Jun 2020 |
Bibliographical note
© 2020 International Endodontic Journal. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.Keywords
- Alkaline Phosphatase
- Aspirin
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Proliferation
- Cells, Cultured
- Dental Pulp
- Humans
- Odontogenesis
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The role of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes in dental pulp inflammation and reparative processes
Al-Natour, B. (Author), El Karim, I. (Supervisor), Lundy, F. (Supervisor) & Dombrowski, Y. (Supervisor), Jul 2021Student thesis: Doctoral Thesis › Doctor of Philosophy
Profiles
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Ikhlas El Karim
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences - Clinical Professor
- Wellcome Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine
Person: Academic