A hypernetwork based framework for non-stationary channel prediction

In order to break through the development bottleneck of modern wireless communication networks, a critical issue is the out-of-date channel state information (CSI) in high mobility scenarios. In general, non-stationary CSI has statistical properties which vary with time, implying that the data distribution changes continuously over time. This temporal distribution shift behavior undermines the accurate channel prediction and it is still an open problem in the related literature. In this paper, a hypernetwork based framework is proposed for non-stationary channel prediction. The framework aims to dynamically update the neural network (NN) parameters as the wireless channel changes to automatically adapt to various input CSI distributions. Based on this framework, we focus on low-complexity hypernetwork design and present a deep learning (DL) based channel prediction method, termed as LPCNet, which improves the CSI prediction accuracy with acceptable complexity. Moreover, to maximize the achievable downlink spectral efficiency (SE), a joint channel prediction and beamforming (BF) method is developed, termed as JLPCNet, which seeks to predict the BF vector. Our numerical results showcase the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed framework, and demonstrate the superior performance of LPCNet and JLPCNet in various scenarios for fixed and varying user speeds.