A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae

K. Maguire; M. Sullivan; F. Patat; A. Gal-Yam; I. M. Hook; S. Dhawan; D. A. Howell; P. Mazzali; P. E.  Nugent; Y. -C Pan; P. Podsiadlowski; J. D. Simon; A. Sternberg; S. Valenti; C. Baltay; D. Bersier; N. Blagorodnova; T.-W. Chen; N. Ellman; U. Feindt; F. Förster; M. Fraser; S. González-Gaitán; M. L. Graham; C. Gutiérrez; S. Hachinger; E. Hadjiyska; C. Inserra; C. Knapic; R. R. Laher; G. Leloudas; S. Margheim; R. McKinnon; M. Molinaro; N. Morrell; E. O. Ofek; D. Rabinowitz; A. Rest; D. Sand; R. Smareglia; S. J. Smartt; F. Taddia; E. S.  Walker; N. A.  Walton; D. R. Young

doi:10.1093/mnras/stt1586

A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae

K. Maguire, M. Sullivan, F. Patat, A. Gal-Yam, I. M. Hook, S. Dhawan, D. A. Howell, P. Mazzali, P. E. Nugent, Y. -C Pan, P. Podsiadlowski, J. D. Simon, A. Sternberg, S. Valenti, C. Baltay, D. Bersier, N. Blagorodnova, T.-W. Chen, N. Ellman, U. FeindtF. Förster, M. Fraser, S. González-Gaitán, M. L. Graham, C. Gutiérrez, S. Hachinger, E. Hadjiyska, C. Inserra, C. Knapic, R. R. Laher, G. Leloudas, S. Margheim, R. McKinnon, M. Molinaro, N. Morrell, E. O. Ofek, D. Rabinowitz, A. Rest, D. Sand, R. Smareglia, S. J. Smartt, F. Taddia, E. S. Walker, N. A. Walton, D. R. Young

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Abstract

A key tracer of the elusive progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is the detection of narrow blueshifted time-varying Na I D absorption lines, interpreted as evidence of circumstellar material surrounding the progenitor system. The origin of this material is controversial, but the simplest explanation is that it results from previous mass-loss in a system containing a white dwarf and a non-degenerate companion star. We present new single-epoch intermediate-resolution spectra of 17 low-redshift SNe Ia taken with XShooter on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope. Combining this sample with events from the literature, we confirm an excess (∼20 per cent) of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features compared to redshifted Na I D features. The host galaxies of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted absorption profiles are skewed towards later-type galaxies, compared to SNe Ia that show no Na I D absorption and SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features have broader light curves. The strength of the Na I D absorption is stronger in SNe Ia displaying blueshifted Na I D absorption features than those without blueshifted features, and the strength of the blueshifted Na I D is correlated with the B − V colour of the SN at maximum light. This strongly suggests the absorbing material is local to the SN. In the context of the progenitor systems of SNe Ia, we discuss the significance of these findings and other recent observational evidence on the nature of SN Ia progenitors. We present a summary that suggests that there are at least two distinct populations of normal, cosmologically useful SNe Ia.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	222-240
Number of pages	19
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	436
Issue number	1
Early online date	26 Sept 2013
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1586
Publication status	Published - 21 Nov 2013

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Space and Planetary Science
Astronomy and Astrophysics

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10.1093/mnras/stt1586

A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae
This article has been accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2013 The Authors Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.
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Maguire, K., Sullivan, M., Patat, F., Gal-Yam, A., Hook, I. M., Dhawan, S., Howell, D. A., Mazzali, P., Nugent, P. E., Pan, Y. .-C., Podsiadlowski, P., Simon, J. D., Sternberg, A., Valenti, S., Baltay, C., Bersier, D., Blagorodnova, N., Chen, T.-W., Ellman, N., ... Young, D. R. (2013). A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 436(1), 222-240. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1586

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title = "A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae",

abstract = "A key tracer of the elusive progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is the detection of narrow blueshifted time-varying Na I D absorption lines, interpreted as evidence of circumstellar material surrounding the progenitor system. The origin of this material is controversial, but the simplest explanation is that it results from previous mass-loss in a system containing a white dwarf and a non-degenerate companion star. We present new single-epoch intermediate-resolution spectra of 17 low-redshift SNe Ia taken with XShooter on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope. Combining this sample with events from the literature, we confirm an excess (∼20 per cent) of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features compared to redshifted Na I D features. The host galaxies of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted absorption profiles are skewed towards later-type galaxies, compared to SNe Ia that show no Na I D absorption and SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features have broader light curves. The strength of the Na I D absorption is stronger in SNe Ia displaying blueshifted Na I D absorption features than those without blueshifted features, and the strength of the blueshifted Na I D is correlated with the B − V colour of the SN at maximum light. This strongly suggests the absorbing material is local to the SN. In the context of the progenitor systems of SNe Ia, we discuss the significance of these findings and other recent observational evidence on the nature of SN Ia progenitors. We present a summary that suggests that there are at least two distinct populations of normal, cosmologically useful SNe Ia. ",

author = "K. Maguire and M. Sullivan and F. Patat and A. Gal-Yam and Hook, {I. M.} and S. Dhawan and Howell, {D. A.} and P. Mazzali and Nugent, {P. E.} and Pan, {Y. -C} and P. Podsiadlowski and Simon, {J. D.} and A. Sternberg and S. Valenti and C. Baltay and D. Bersier and N. Blagorodnova and T.-W. Chen and N. Ellman and U. Feindt and F. F{\"o}rster and M. Fraser and S. Gonz{\'a}lez-Gait{\'a}n and Graham, {M. L.} and C. Guti{\'e}rrez and S. Hachinger and E. Hadjiyska and C. Inserra and C. Knapic and Laher, {R. R.} and G. Leloudas and S. Margheim and R. McKinnon and M. Molinaro and N. Morrell and Ofek, {E. O.} and D. Rabinowitz and A. Rest and D. Sand and R. Smareglia and Smartt, {S. J.} and F. Taddia and Walker, {E. S.} and Walton, {N. A.} and Young, {D. R.}",

year = "2013",

month = nov,

day = "21",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stt1586",

language = "English",

volume = "436",

pages = "222--240",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "1",

}

Maguire, K, Sullivan, M, Patat, F, Gal-Yam, A, Hook, IM, Dhawan, S, Howell, DA, Mazzali, P, Nugent, PE, Pan, Y-C, Podsiadlowski, P, Simon, JD, Sternberg, A, Valenti, S, Baltay, C, Bersier, D, Blagorodnova, N, Chen, T-W, Ellman, N, Feindt, U, Förster, F, Fraser, M, González-Gaitán, S, Graham, ML, Gutiérrez, C, Hachinger, S, Hadjiyska, E, Inserra, C, Knapic, C, Laher, RR, Leloudas, G, Margheim, S, McKinnon, R, Molinaro, M, Morrell, N, Ofek, EO, Rabinowitz, D, Rest, A, Sand, D, Smareglia, R, Smartt, SJ, Taddia, F, Walker, ES, Walton, NA & Young, DR 2013, 'A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 436, no. 1, pp. 222-240. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stt1586

TY - JOUR

T1 - A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae

AU - Maguire, K.

AU - Sullivan, M.

AU - Patat, F.

AU - Gal-Yam, A.

AU - Hook, I. M.

AU - Dhawan, S.

AU - Howell, D. A.

AU - Mazzali, P.

AU - Nugent, P. E.

AU - Pan, Y. -C

AU - Podsiadlowski, P.

AU - Simon, J. D.

AU - Sternberg, A.

AU - Valenti, S.

AU - Baltay, C.

AU - Bersier, D.

AU - Blagorodnova, N.

AU - Chen, T.-W.

AU - Ellman, N.

AU - Feindt, U.

AU - Förster, F.

AU - Fraser, M.

AU - González-Gaitán, S.

AU - Graham, M. L.

AU - Gutiérrez, C.

AU - Hachinger, S.

AU - Hadjiyska, E.

AU - Inserra, C.

AU - Knapic, C.

AU - Laher, R. R.

AU - Leloudas, G.

AU - Margheim, S.

AU - McKinnon, R.

AU - Molinaro, M.

AU - Morrell, N.

AU - Ofek, E. O.

AU - Rabinowitz, D.

AU - Rest, A.

AU - Sand, D.

AU - Smareglia, R.

AU - Smartt, S. J.

AU - Taddia, F.

AU - Walker, E. S.

AU - Walton, N. A.

AU - Young, D. R.

PY - 2013/11/21

Y1 - 2013/11/21

N2 - A key tracer of the elusive progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is the detection of narrow blueshifted time-varying Na I D absorption lines, interpreted as evidence of circumstellar material surrounding the progenitor system. The origin of this material is controversial, but the simplest explanation is that it results from previous mass-loss in a system containing a white dwarf and a non-degenerate companion star. We present new single-epoch intermediate-resolution spectra of 17 low-redshift SNe Ia taken with XShooter on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope. Combining this sample with events from the literature, we confirm an excess (∼20 per cent) of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features compared to redshifted Na I D features. The host galaxies of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted absorption profiles are skewed towards later-type galaxies, compared to SNe Ia that show no Na I D absorption and SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features have broader light curves. The strength of the Na I D absorption is stronger in SNe Ia displaying blueshifted Na I D absorption features than those without blueshifted features, and the strength of the blueshifted Na I D is correlated with the B − V colour of the SN at maximum light. This strongly suggests the absorbing material is local to the SN. In the context of the progenitor systems of SNe Ia, we discuss the significance of these findings and other recent observational evidence on the nature of SN Ia progenitors. We present a summary that suggests that there are at least two distinct populations of normal, cosmologically useful SNe Ia.

AB - A key tracer of the elusive progenitor systems of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) is the detection of narrow blueshifted time-varying Na I D absorption lines, interpreted as evidence of circumstellar material surrounding the progenitor system. The origin of this material is controversial, but the simplest explanation is that it results from previous mass-loss in a system containing a white dwarf and a non-degenerate companion star. We present new single-epoch intermediate-resolution spectra of 17 low-redshift SNe Ia taken with XShooter on the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope. Combining this sample with events from the literature, we confirm an excess (∼20 per cent) of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features compared to redshifted Na I D features. The host galaxies of SNe Ia displaying blueshifted absorption profiles are skewed towards later-type galaxies, compared to SNe Ia that show no Na I D absorption and SNe Ia displaying blueshifted narrow Na I D absorption features have broader light curves. The strength of the Na I D absorption is stronger in SNe Ia displaying blueshifted Na I D absorption features than those without blueshifted features, and the strength of the blueshifted Na I D is correlated with the B − V colour of the SN at maximum light. This strongly suggests the absorbing material is local to the SN. In the context of the progenitor systems of SNe Ia, we discuss the significance of these findings and other recent observational evidence on the nature of SN Ia progenitors. We present a summary that suggests that there are at least two distinct populations of normal, cosmologically useful SNe Ia.

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stt1586

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stt1586

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 436

SP - 222

EP - 240

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 1

ER -

A statistical analysis of circumstellar material in Type Ia supernovae

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