A transition arm modular multilevel universal pulse-waveform generator for electroporation applications

Mohamed A. Elgenedy; Ahmed Darwish; Shehab Ahmed; Barry W. Williams

doi:10.1109/TPEL.2017.2653243

A transition arm modular multilevel universal pulse-waveform generator for electroporation applications

Mohamed A. Elgenedy, Ahmed Darwish, Shehab Ahmed, Barry W. Williams

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

33 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

High voltage (HV) pulses are used in electroporation to subject pulsed electric field (PEF) onto a sample under treatment. Pulse-waveform shape, voltage magnitude, pulse duration, and pulse repetition rate are the basic controllable variables required for particular PEF application. In practice, a custom-made pulse generator is dedicated for each PEF application with limited flexibility in changing these variables. In this paper, a universal pulse-waveform generator (UPG) is proposed, where the controller software-algorithm can manipulate a basic generated multilevel pulse-waveform to emulate many different PEF pulse-waveforms. The commonly used PEF HV pulse-waveforms can be generated as bipolar or monopolar with controllable pulse durations, repetition times, and voltage magnitudes. The UPG has the ability to generate multilevel pulses that have controllable dv/dt which allow reduction of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by the converter. The UPG topology is based on half-bridge modular multilevel converter (HB-MMC) cells forming two transition arms in conjunction with two bi-state arms, together creating an H-bridge. The HB-MMC cell-capacitors provide a controllable energy source which charge from the dc input supply and discharge across the load, while the two bi-state arms allow charging the HB-MMC cell-capacitors. Hence, the UPG topology offers modularity, redundancy, and scalability. The HB-MMC individual cell-capacitance is low and the cell-voltages are balanced by employing the sorting and rotating algorithm used in conventional HB-MMC topologies for HVDC transmission applications. The viability of the proposed UPG converter is validated by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and scaled-down experimentation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	8979 - 8991
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics
Volume	32
Issue number	12
Early online date	16 Jan 2017
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TPEL.2017.2653243
Publication status	Published - 01 Dec 2017
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

© 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.

Keywords

MMC
power electronic converter
pulse power systems
electroporation
high voltage
modular multilevel converters
transition arm
pulsed electric fields
pulse-waveforms generator
series connected IGBTs

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10.1109/TPEL.2017.2653243Licence: Unspecified

Cite this

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title = "A transition arm modular multilevel universal pulse-waveform generator for electroporation applications",

abstract = "High voltage (HV) pulses are used in electroporation to subject pulsed electric field (PEF) onto a sample under treatment. Pulse-waveform shape, voltage magnitude, pulse duration, and pulse repetition rate are the basic controllable variables required for particular PEF application. In practice, a custom-made pulse generator is dedicated for each PEF application with limited flexibility in changing these variables. In this paper, a universal pulse-waveform generator (UPG) is proposed, where the controller software-algorithm can manipulate a basic generated multilevel pulse-waveform to emulate many different PEF pulse-waveforms. The commonly used PEF HV pulse-waveforms can be generated as bipolar or monopolar with controllable pulse durations, repetition times, and voltage magnitudes. The UPG has the ability to generate multilevel pulses that have controllable dv/dt which allow reduction of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by the converter. The UPG topology is based on half-bridge modular multilevel converter (HB-MMC) cells forming two transition arms in conjunction with two bi-state arms, together creating an H-bridge. The HB-MMC cell-capacitors provide a controllable energy source which charge from the dc input supply and discharge across the load, while the two bi-state arms allow charging the HB-MMC cell-capacitors. Hence, the UPG topology offers modularity, redundancy, and scalability. The HB-MMC individual cell-capacitance is low and the cell-voltages are balanced by employing the sorting and rotating algorithm used in conventional HB-MMC topologies for HVDC transmission applications. The viability of the proposed UPG converter is validated by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and scaled-down experimentation.",

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AU - Darwish, Ahmed

AU - Ahmed, Shehab

AU - Williams, Barry W.

N1 - © 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works.

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N2 - High voltage (HV) pulses are used in electroporation to subject pulsed electric field (PEF) onto a sample under treatment. Pulse-waveform shape, voltage magnitude, pulse duration, and pulse repetition rate are the basic controllable variables required for particular PEF application. In practice, a custom-made pulse generator is dedicated for each PEF application with limited flexibility in changing these variables. In this paper, a universal pulse-waveform generator (UPG) is proposed, where the controller software-algorithm can manipulate a basic generated multilevel pulse-waveform to emulate many different PEF pulse-waveforms. The commonly used PEF HV pulse-waveforms can be generated as bipolar or monopolar with controllable pulse durations, repetition times, and voltage magnitudes. The UPG has the ability to generate multilevel pulses that have controllable dv/dt which allow reduction of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by the converter. The UPG topology is based on half-bridge modular multilevel converter (HB-MMC) cells forming two transition arms in conjunction with two bi-state arms, together creating an H-bridge. The HB-MMC cell-capacitors provide a controllable energy source which charge from the dc input supply and discharge across the load, while the two bi-state arms allow charging the HB-MMC cell-capacitors. Hence, the UPG topology offers modularity, redundancy, and scalability. The HB-MMC individual cell-capacitance is low and the cell-voltages are balanced by employing the sorting and rotating algorithm used in conventional HB-MMC topologies for HVDC transmission applications. The viability of the proposed UPG converter is validated by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and scaled-down experimentation.

AB - High voltage (HV) pulses are used in electroporation to subject pulsed electric field (PEF) onto a sample under treatment. Pulse-waveform shape, voltage magnitude, pulse duration, and pulse repetition rate are the basic controllable variables required for particular PEF application. In practice, a custom-made pulse generator is dedicated for each PEF application with limited flexibility in changing these variables. In this paper, a universal pulse-waveform generator (UPG) is proposed, where the controller software-algorithm can manipulate a basic generated multilevel pulse-waveform to emulate many different PEF pulse-waveforms. The commonly used PEF HV pulse-waveforms can be generated as bipolar or monopolar with controllable pulse durations, repetition times, and voltage magnitudes. The UPG has the ability to generate multilevel pulses that have controllable dv/dt which allow reduction of the electromagnetic interference (EMI) generated by the converter. The UPG topology is based on half-bridge modular multilevel converter (HB-MMC) cells forming two transition arms in conjunction with two bi-state arms, together creating an H-bridge. The HB-MMC cell-capacitors provide a controllable energy source which charge from the dc input supply and discharge across the load, while the two bi-state arms allow charging the HB-MMC cell-capacitors. Hence, the UPG topology offers modularity, redundancy, and scalability. The HB-MMC individual cell-capacitance is low and the cell-voltages are balanced by employing the sorting and rotating algorithm used in conventional HB-MMC topologies for HVDC transmission applications. The viability of the proposed UPG converter is validated by MATLAB/Simulink simulation and scaled-down experimentation.

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KW - power electronic converter

KW - pulse power systems

KW - electroporation

KW - high voltage

KW - modular multilevel converters

KW - transition arm

KW - pulsed electric fields

KW - pulse-waveforms generator

KW - series connected IGBTs

U2 - 10.1109/TPEL.2017.2653243

DO - 10.1109/TPEL.2017.2653243

M3 - Article

VL - 32

SP - 8979

EP - 8991

JO - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

JF - IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics

SN - 0885-8993

IS - 12

ER -

A transition arm modular multilevel universal pulse-waveform generator for electroporation applications

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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