Changes in Kidney Fat upon Dietary-Induced Weight Loss

Manuela Spurny; Yixin Jiang; Solomon A. Sowah; Tobias Nonnenmacher; Ruth Schübel; Romy Kirsten; Theron Johnson; Oyunbileg von Stackelberg; Cornelia M. Ulrich; Rudolf Kaaks; Hans-Ulrich Kauczor; Tilman Kühn; Johanna Nattenmüller

doi:10.3390/nu14071437

Changes in Kidney Fat upon Dietary-Induced Weight Loss

Manuela Spurny, Yixin Jiang, Solomon A. Sowah, Tobias Nonnenmacher, Ruth Schübel, Romy Kirsten, Theron Johnson, Oyunbileg von Stackelberg, Cornelia M. Ulrich, Rudolf Kaaks, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Tilman Kühn, Johanna Nattenmüller^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

As the metabolic role of kidney fat remains unclear, we investigated the effects of dietary weight loss on kidney fat content (KFC) and its connection to kidney function and metabolism. Overweight or obese participants (n = 137) of a dietary intervention trial were classified into quartiles of weight loss in a post hoc manner. Kidney sinus (KSF) and cortex fat (KCF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, week 12 and week 50. Weight loss effects on KFC were evaluated by linear mixed models. Repeated measures correlations between KFC, other body fat measures and metabolic biomarkers were obtained. KSF, but not KCF, decreased significantly across weight loss quartiles at week 12 (quartile 4: −21.3%; p = 0.02) and 50 (−22.0%, p = 0.001), which remained significant after adjusting for VAT. There were smaller improvements regarding creatinine (−2.5%, p = 0.02) at week 12, but not week 50. KSF, but not KCF, correlated with visceral (rrm = 0.38) and subcutaneous fat volumes (rrm = 0.31) and liver fat content (rrm = 0.32), as well as diastolic blood pressure and biomarkers of lipid, glucose and liver metabolism. Dietary weight loss is associated with decreases in KSF, but not KCF, which suggests that KSF may be the metabolically relevant ectopic fat depot of the kidney. KSF may be targeted for obesity-related disease prevention.

Original language	English
Article number	e1437
Journal	Nutrients
Volume	14
Issue number	7
Early online date	30 Mar 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14071437
Publication status	Published - 01 Apr 2022

Keywords

magnetic resonance imaging
kidney fat content
renal sinus fat
diet induced weight loss
obesity
overweight
body composition

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Changes in Kidney Fat upon Dietary-Induced Weight Loss
Copyright 2022 the authors. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited
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Cite this

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title = "Changes in Kidney Fat upon Dietary-Induced Weight Loss",

abstract = "As the metabolic role of kidney fat remains unclear, we investigated the effects of dietary weight loss on kidney fat content (KFC) and its connection to kidney function and metabolism. Overweight or obese participants (n = 137) of a dietary intervention trial were classified into quartiles of weight loss in a post hoc manner. Kidney sinus (KSF) and cortex fat (KCF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, week 12 and week 50. Weight loss effects on KFC were evaluated by linear mixed models. Repeated measures correlations between KFC, other body fat measures and metabolic biomarkers were obtained. KSF, but not KCF, decreased significantly across weight loss quartiles at week 12 (quartile 4: −21.3%; p = 0.02) and 50 (−22.0%, p = 0.001), which remained significant after adjusting for VAT. There were smaller improvements regarding creatinine (−2.5%, p = 0.02) at week 12, but not week 50. KSF, but not KCF, correlated with visceral (rrm = 0.38) and subcutaneous fat volumes (rrm = 0.31) and liver fat content (rrm = 0.32), as well as diastolic blood pressure and biomarkers of lipid, glucose and liver metabolism. Dietary weight loss is associated with decreases in KSF, but not KCF, which suggests that KSF may be the metabolically relevant ectopic fat depot of the kidney. KSF may be targeted for obesity-related disease prevention.",

keywords = "magnetic resonance imaging, kidney fat content, renal sinus fat, diet induced weight loss, obesity, overweight, body composition",

author = "Manuela Spurny and Yixin Jiang and Sowah, {Solomon A.} and Tobias Nonnenmacher and Ruth Sch{\"u}bel and Romy Kirsten and Theron Johnson and {von Stackelberg}, Oyunbileg and Ulrich, {Cornelia M.} and Rudolf Kaaks and Hans-Ulrich Kauczor and Tilman K{\"u}hn and Johanna Nattenm{\"u}ller",

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T1 - Changes in Kidney Fat upon Dietary-Induced Weight Loss

AU - Spurny, Manuela

AU - Jiang, Yixin

AU - Sowah, Solomon A.

AU - Nonnenmacher, Tobias

AU - Schübel, Ruth

AU - Kirsten, Romy

AU - Johnson, Theron

AU - von Stackelberg, Oyunbileg

AU - Ulrich, Cornelia M.

AU - Kaaks, Rudolf

AU - Kauczor, Hans-Ulrich

AU - Kühn, Tilman

AU - Nattenmüller, Johanna

PY - 2022/4/1

Y1 - 2022/4/1

N2 - As the metabolic role of kidney fat remains unclear, we investigated the effects of dietary weight loss on kidney fat content (KFC) and its connection to kidney function and metabolism. Overweight or obese participants (n = 137) of a dietary intervention trial were classified into quartiles of weight loss in a post hoc manner. Kidney sinus (KSF) and cortex fat (KCF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, week 12 and week 50. Weight loss effects on KFC were evaluated by linear mixed models. Repeated measures correlations between KFC, other body fat measures and metabolic biomarkers were obtained. KSF, but not KCF, decreased significantly across weight loss quartiles at week 12 (quartile 4: −21.3%; p = 0.02) and 50 (−22.0%, p = 0.001), which remained significant after adjusting for VAT. There were smaller improvements regarding creatinine (−2.5%, p = 0.02) at week 12, but not week 50. KSF, but not KCF, correlated with visceral (rrm = 0.38) and subcutaneous fat volumes (rrm = 0.31) and liver fat content (rrm = 0.32), as well as diastolic blood pressure and biomarkers of lipid, glucose and liver metabolism. Dietary weight loss is associated with decreases in KSF, but not KCF, which suggests that KSF may be the metabolically relevant ectopic fat depot of the kidney. KSF may be targeted for obesity-related disease prevention.

AB - As the metabolic role of kidney fat remains unclear, we investigated the effects of dietary weight loss on kidney fat content (KFC) and its connection to kidney function and metabolism. Overweight or obese participants (n = 137) of a dietary intervention trial were classified into quartiles of weight loss in a post hoc manner. Kidney sinus (KSF) and cortex fat (KCF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging at baseline, week 12 and week 50. Weight loss effects on KFC were evaluated by linear mixed models. Repeated measures correlations between KFC, other body fat measures and metabolic biomarkers were obtained. KSF, but not KCF, decreased significantly across weight loss quartiles at week 12 (quartile 4: −21.3%; p = 0.02) and 50 (−22.0%, p = 0.001), which remained significant after adjusting for VAT. There were smaller improvements regarding creatinine (−2.5%, p = 0.02) at week 12, but not week 50. KSF, but not KCF, correlated with visceral (rrm = 0.38) and subcutaneous fat volumes (rrm = 0.31) and liver fat content (rrm = 0.32), as well as diastolic blood pressure and biomarkers of lipid, glucose and liver metabolism. Dietary weight loss is associated with decreases in KSF, but not KCF, which suggests that KSF may be the metabolically relevant ectopic fat depot of the kidney. KSF may be targeted for obesity-related disease prevention.

KW - magnetic resonance imaging

KW - kidney fat content

KW - renal sinus fat

KW - diet induced weight loss

KW - obesity

KW - overweight

KW - body composition

U2 - 10.3390/nu14071437

DO - 10.3390/nu14071437

M3 - Article

SN - 2072-6643

VL - 14

JO - Nutrients

JF - Nutrients

IS - 7

M1 - e1437

ER -

Changes in Kidney Fat upon Dietary-Induced Weight Loss

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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