Coconut shell derived ZnCl2activated carbon for malachite green dye removal

R. Sangeetha piriya; Rajamani M. Jayabalakrishnan; M. Maheswari; Kovilpillai Boomiraj; Sadish Oumabady

doi:10.2166/wst.2021.050

Coconut shell derived ZnCl₂activated carbon for malachite green dye removal

R. Sangeetha piriya, Rajamani M. Jayabalakrishnan^*, M. Maheswari, Kovilpillai Boomiraj, Sadish Oumabady

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

40 Citations (Scopus)

67 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The coconut-based agricultural wastes have gained wide attention as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of diverse pollutants from the industrial effluents. This paper presents the zinc chloride activation of adsorbent carbon and the utilization as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution. The characterisation of activated carbon was performed to get an insight into the adsorption mechanism. The ZnCl2 activated carbon acquired a higher specific surface area (544.66 m2 g-1) and stability (-32.6 mV). The impact of process parameters including contact time (20-220 min) and initial dye concentration (20-80 mg L-1) were evaluated on the effectiveness of activated carbon for dye removal. The results concluded that zinc chloride activated carbon showed a significant dye adsorption (39.683 mg g-1) at an initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 after 3 hours. Based on the correlation coefficient (R2), the Freundlich isotherm model (0.978-0.998) was best fitted for the experimental data followed by the intraparticle diffusion model (0.88-0.929) as the most appropriate model for malachite green dye removal. Additionally, the energy and thermogravimetric analysis portrayed the suitability of the carbon material to be used as an energy alternative to coal.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1167-1182
Number of pages	16
Journal	Water Science and Technology
Volume	83
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.050
Publication status	Published - 01 Mar 2021
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank, Department of Science and Technology – Science and Engineering Research Board (DST-SERB), New Delhi for providing financial support to carry out the project work under sanction number EEQ/000807/ 2016 is greatly acknowledged. We also thank the Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, who facilitated and supported the smooth conduct of the experiments.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 The Authors.

Keywords

Coconut Shell
Isotherm Study
Kinetics
Malachite Green Adsorption
ZnclActivation

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Environmental Engineering
Water Science and Technology

Access to Document

10.2166/wst.2021.050Licence: CC BY-NC-ND

Coconut shell derived ZnCl2 activated carbon for malachite green dye removal
Copyright 2021 the authors. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits distribution and reproduction for non-commercial purposes, provided the author and source are cited.
Final published version, 895 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND

Cite this

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title = "Coconut shell derived ZnCl2activated carbon for malachite green dye removal",

abstract = "The coconut-based agricultural wastes have gained wide attention as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of diverse pollutants from the industrial effluents. This paper presents the zinc chloride activation of adsorbent carbon and the utilization as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution. The characterisation of activated carbon was performed to get an insight into the adsorption mechanism. The ZnCl2 activated carbon acquired a higher specific surface area (544.66 m2 g-1) and stability (-32.6 mV). The impact of process parameters including contact time (20-220 min) and initial dye concentration (20-80 mg L-1) were evaluated on the effectiveness of activated carbon for dye removal. The results concluded that zinc chloride activated carbon showed a significant dye adsorption (39.683 mg g-1) at an initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 after 3 hours. Based on the correlation coefficient (R2), the Freundlich isotherm model (0.978-0.998) was best fitted for the experimental data followed by the intraparticle diffusion model (0.88-0.929) as the most appropriate model for malachite green dye removal. Additionally, the energy and thermogravimetric analysis portrayed the suitability of the carbon material to be used as an energy alternative to coal.",

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author = "piriya, {R. Sangeetha} and Jayabalakrishnan, {Rajamani M.} and M. Maheswari and Kovilpillai Boomiraj and Sadish Oumabady",

note = "Funding Information: We thank, Department of Science and Technology – Science and Engineering Research Board (DST-SERB), New Delhi for providing financial support to carry out the project work under sanction number EEQ/000807/ 2016 is greatly acknowledged. We also thank the Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, who facilitated and supported the smooth conduct of the experiments. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors.",

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AU - piriya, R. Sangeetha

AU - Jayabalakrishnan, Rajamani M.

AU - Maheswari, M.

AU - Boomiraj, Kovilpillai

AU - Oumabady, Sadish

N1 - Funding Information: We thank, Department of Science and Technology – Science and Engineering Research Board (DST-SERB), New Delhi for providing financial support to carry out the project work under sanction number EEQ/000807/ 2016 is greatly acknowledged. We also thank the Department of Environmental Sciences, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, who facilitated and supported the smooth conduct of the experiments. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 The Authors.

PY - 2021/3/1

Y1 - 2021/3/1

N2 - The coconut-based agricultural wastes have gained wide attention as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of diverse pollutants from the industrial effluents. This paper presents the zinc chloride activation of adsorbent carbon and the utilization as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution. The characterisation of activated carbon was performed to get an insight into the adsorption mechanism. The ZnCl2 activated carbon acquired a higher specific surface area (544.66 m2 g-1) and stability (-32.6 mV). The impact of process parameters including contact time (20-220 min) and initial dye concentration (20-80 mg L-1) were evaluated on the effectiveness of activated carbon for dye removal. The results concluded that zinc chloride activated carbon showed a significant dye adsorption (39.683 mg g-1) at an initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 after 3 hours. Based on the correlation coefficient (R2), the Freundlich isotherm model (0.978-0.998) was best fitted for the experimental data followed by the intraparticle diffusion model (0.88-0.929) as the most appropriate model for malachite green dye removal. Additionally, the energy and thermogravimetric analysis portrayed the suitability of the carbon material to be used as an energy alternative to coal.

AB - The coconut-based agricultural wastes have gained wide attention as an alternative adsorbent for the removal of diverse pollutants from the industrial effluents. This paper presents the zinc chloride activation of adsorbent carbon and the utilization as an adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solution. The characterisation of activated carbon was performed to get an insight into the adsorption mechanism. The ZnCl2 activated carbon acquired a higher specific surface area (544.66 m2 g-1) and stability (-32.6 mV). The impact of process parameters including contact time (20-220 min) and initial dye concentration (20-80 mg L-1) were evaluated on the effectiveness of activated carbon for dye removal. The results concluded that zinc chloride activated carbon showed a significant dye adsorption (39.683 mg g-1) at an initial concentration of 20 mg L-1 after 3 hours. Based on the correlation coefficient (R2), the Freundlich isotherm model (0.978-0.998) was best fitted for the experimental data followed by the intraparticle diffusion model (0.88-0.929) as the most appropriate model for malachite green dye removal. Additionally, the energy and thermogravimetric analysis portrayed the suitability of the carbon material to be used as an energy alternative to coal.

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