“Green transit-oriented development”: exploring the association between TOD and visible green space provision using street view data

Environmental inequalities generated by transit—oriented development (TOD) are of planning and policy relevance in developing countries. Existing literature has pointed out that TOD has the effect of ‘place making’, which means the newly developed transit systems may be able to change the environment and amenities of a certain area. While previous studies have largely focused on environment hazards such as noise and pollution induced by transit systems, scant attention has been paid to visible green space provision at station areas. This study develops a new and systematic framework to assess potential disparities in quality and quantity aspects of visible green space provision around subway stations. We explore the effects of TOD on visible green space provision around subway stations using spatial regression models. The results show that there are disparities in visible green space provision around subway stations, but such disparities tend to fade with distance away from stations. We also find that population density, land use mix, intersection density and bus stop density are significantly associated with quantity and quality aspects of visible green space provision around subway stations.