Investigation of the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at 150 GPa with spectrally resolved X-ray scattering

J. Helfrich; D. Kraus; A. Ortner; S. Frydrych; G. Schaumann; N. J. Hartley; G. Gregori; B. Kettle; D. Riley; D. C. Carroll; M. M. Notley; C. Spindloe; M. Roth

doi:10.1016/j.hedp.2015.02.003

Investigation of the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at 150 GPa with spectrally resolved X-ray scattering

J. Helfrich^*, D. Kraus, A. Ortner, S. Frydrych, G. Schaumann, N. J. Hartley, G. Gregori, B. Kettle, D. Riley, D. C. Carroll, M. M. Notley, C. Spindloe, M. Roth

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We have resolved the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at pressures around 150GPa. High-pressure samples of different temperatures were created by laser-driven shock compression of graphite and varying the initial density from 1.30g/cm³ to 2.25g/cm³. In this way, temperatures from 5700K to 14,500K could be achieved for relatively constant pressure according to hydrodynamic simulations. From measuring the elastic X-ray scattering intensity of vanadium K-alpha radiation at 4.95keVat a scattering angle of 126°, which is very sensitive to the solid-liquid transition, we can determine whether the sample had transitioned to the fluid phase. We find that samples of initial density 1.3g/cm³ and 1.85g/cm³ are liquid in the compressed states, whereas samples close to the ideal graphite crystal density of 2.25g/cm³ remain solid, probably in a diamond-like state.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	38-43
Number of pages	6
Journal	High Energy Density Physics
Volume	14
Early online date	06 Mar 2015
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2015.02.003
Publication status	Published - Mar 2015

Keywords

Laser-driven shock wave
Liquid carbon
Warm dense matter
X-ray Thomson scattering

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Radiation

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Helfrich, J., Kraus, D., Ortner, A., Frydrych, S., Schaumann, G., Hartley, N. J., Gregori, G., Kettle, B., Riley, D., Carroll, D. C., Notley, M. M., Spindloe, C., & Roth, M. (2015). Investigation of the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at 150 GPa with spectrally resolved X-ray scattering. High Energy Density Physics, 14, 38-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hedp.2015.02.003

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title = "Investigation of the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at 150 GPa with spectrally resolved X-ray scattering",

abstract = "We have resolved the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at pressures around 150GPa. High-pressure samples of different temperatures were created by laser-driven shock compression of graphite and varying the initial density from 1.30g/cm3 to 2.25g/cm3. In this way, temperatures from 5700K to 14,500K could be achieved for relatively constant pressure according to hydrodynamic simulations. From measuring the elastic X-ray scattering intensity of vanadium K-alpha radiation at 4.95keVat a scattering angle of 126°, which is very sensitive to the solid-liquid transition, we can determine whether the sample had transitioned to the fluid phase. We find that samples of initial density 1.3g/cm3 and 1.85g/cm3 are liquid in the compressed states, whereas samples close to the ideal graphite crystal density of 2.25g/cm3 remain solid, probably in a diamond-like state.",

keywords = "Laser-driven shock wave, Liquid carbon, Warm dense matter, X-ray Thomson scattering",

author = "J. Helfrich and D. Kraus and A. Ortner and S. Frydrych and G. Schaumann and Hartley, {N. J.} and G. Gregori and B. Kettle and D. Riley and Carroll, {D. C.} and Notley, {M. M.} and C. Spindloe and M. Roth",

year = "2015",

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doi = "10.1016/j.hedp.2015.02.003",

language = "English",

volume = "14",

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journal = "High Energy Density Physics",

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Investigation of the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at 150 GPa with spectrally resolved X-ray scattering. / Helfrich, J.; Kraus, D.; Ortner, A.; Frydrych, S.; Schaumann, G.; Hartley, N. J.; Gregori, G.; Kettle, B.; Riley, D.; Carroll, D. C.; Notley, M. M.; Spindloe, C.; Roth, M.

In: High Energy Density Physics, Vol. 14, 03.2015, p. 38-43.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article

TY - JOUR

T1 - Investigation of the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at 150 GPa with spectrally resolved X-ray scattering

AU - Helfrich, J.

AU - Kraus, D.

AU - Ortner, A.

AU - Frydrych, S.

AU - Schaumann, G.

AU - Hartley, N. J.

AU - Gregori, G.

AU - Kettle, B.

AU - Riley, D.

AU - Carroll, D. C.

AU - Notley, M. M.

AU - Spindloe, C.

AU - Roth, M.

PY - 2015/3

Y1 - 2015/3

N2 - We have resolved the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at pressures around 150GPa. High-pressure samples of different temperatures were created by laser-driven shock compression of graphite and varying the initial density from 1.30g/cm3 to 2.25g/cm3. In this way, temperatures from 5700K to 14,500K could be achieved for relatively constant pressure according to hydrodynamic simulations. From measuring the elastic X-ray scattering intensity of vanadium K-alpha radiation at 4.95keVat a scattering angle of 126°, which is very sensitive to the solid-liquid transition, we can determine whether the sample had transitioned to the fluid phase. We find that samples of initial density 1.3g/cm3 and 1.85g/cm3 are liquid in the compressed states, whereas samples close to the ideal graphite crystal density of 2.25g/cm3 remain solid, probably in a diamond-like state.

AB - We have resolved the solid-liquid phase transition of carbon at pressures around 150GPa. High-pressure samples of different temperatures were created by laser-driven shock compression of graphite and varying the initial density from 1.30g/cm3 to 2.25g/cm3. In this way, temperatures from 5700K to 14,500K could be achieved for relatively constant pressure according to hydrodynamic simulations. From measuring the elastic X-ray scattering intensity of vanadium K-alpha radiation at 4.95keVat a scattering angle of 126°, which is very sensitive to the solid-liquid transition, we can determine whether the sample had transitioned to the fluid phase. We find that samples of initial density 1.3g/cm3 and 1.85g/cm3 are liquid in the compressed states, whereas samples close to the ideal graphite crystal density of 2.25g/cm3 remain solid, probably in a diamond-like state.

KW - Laser-driven shock wave

KW - Liquid carbon

KW - Warm dense matter

KW - X-ray Thomson scattering

U2 - 10.1016/j.hedp.2015.02.003

DO - 10.1016/j.hedp.2015.02.003

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84925356009

VL - 14

SP - 38

EP - 43

JO - High Energy Density Physics

JF - High Energy Density Physics

SN - 1574-1818

ER -