K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance

A. Mortier; M. R. Zapatero Osorio; L. Malavolta; Y. Alibert; K. Rice; J. Lillo-Box; A. Vanderburg; M. Oshagh; L. Buchhave; V. Adibekyan; E. Delgado Mena; M. Lopez-Morales; D. Charbonneau; S. G. Sousa; C. Lovis; L. Affer; C. Allende Prieto; S. C. C. Barros; S. Benatti; A. S. Bonomo; W. Boschin; F. Bouchy; A. Cabral; A. Collier Cameron; R. Cosentino; S. Cristiani; O. D. S. Demangeon; P. Di Marcantonio; V. D'Odorico; X. Dumusque; D. Ehrenreich; P. Figueira; A. Fiorenzano; A. Ghedina; J. I. González Hernández; J. Haldemann; A. Harutyunyan; R. D. Haywood; D. W. Latham; B. Lavie; G. Lo Curto; J. Maldonado; A. Manescau; C. J. A. P. Martins; M. Mayor; D. Mégevand; A. Mehner; G. Micela; P. Molaro; E. Molinari; N. J. Nunes; F. A. Pepe; E. Palle; D. Phillips; G. Piotto; M. Pinamonti; E. Poretti; M. Riva; R. Rebolo; N. C. Santos; D. Sasselov; A. Sozzetti; A. Suárez Mascareño; S. Udry; R. G. West; C. A. Watson; T. G. Wilson

doi:10.1093/mnras/staa3144

K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance

A. Mortier, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, L. Malavolta, Y. Alibert, K. Rice, J. Lillo-Box, A. Vanderburg, M. Oshagh, L. Buchhave, V. Adibekyan, E. Delgado Mena, M. Lopez-Morales, D. Charbonneau, S. G. Sousa, C. Lovis, L. Affer, C. Allende Prieto, S. C. C. Barros, S. Benatti, A. S. BonomoW. Boschin, F. Bouchy, A. Cabral, A. Collier Cameron, R. Cosentino, S. Cristiani, O. D. S. Demangeon, P. Di Marcantonio, V. D'Odorico, X. Dumusque, D. Ehrenreich, P. Figueira, A. Fiorenzano, A. Ghedina, J. I. González Hernández, J. Haldemann, A. Harutyunyan, R. D. Haywood, D. W. Latham, B. Lavie, G. Lo Curto, J. Maldonado, A. Manescau, C. J. A. P. Martins, M. Mayor, D. Mégevand, A. Mehner, G. Micela, P. Molaro, E. Molinari, N. J. Nunes, F. A. Pepe, E. Palle, D. Phillips, G. Piotto, M. Pinamonti, E. Poretti, M. Riva, R. Rebolo, N. C. Santos, D. Sasselov, A. Sozzetti, A. Suárez Mascareño, S. Udry, R. G. West, C. A. Watson, T. G. Wilson

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Abstract

This paper reports on the detailed characterization of the K2-111 planetary system with K2, WASP, and ASAS-SN photometry, as well as high-resolution spectroscopic data from HARPS-N and ESPRESSO. The host, K2-111, is confirmed to be a mildly evolved (log g = 4.17), iron-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.46), but alpha-enhanced ([α/Fe]=0.27), chromospherically quiet, very old thick disc G2 star. A global fit, performed by using PyORBIT, shows that the transiting planet, K2-111 b, orbits with a period Pb = 5.3518 ± 0.0004 d and has a planet radius of $1.82^{+0.11}_{-0.09}$ R⊕ and a mass of $5.29^{+0.76}_{-0.77}$ M⊕, resulting in a bulk density slightly lower than that of the Earth. The stellar chemical composition and the planet properties are consistent with K2-111 b being a terrestrial planet with an iron core mass fraction lower than theEarth. We announce the existence of a second signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a non-transiting planet, K2-111 c, with an orbital period of 15.6785 ± 0.0064 d, orbiting in near-3:1 mean motion resonance with the transiting planet, and a minimum planet mass of 11.3 ± 1.1 M⊕. Both planet signals are independently detected in the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data when fitted separately. There are potentially more planets in this resonant system, but more well-sampled data are required to confirm their presence and physical parameters.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	5004-5021
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	499
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3144
Publication status	Published - 27 Oct 2020
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

techniques: photometric
techniques: radial velocities
techniques: spectroscopic
planets and satellites: detection
stars: individual (K2-111)

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K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance
Copyright 2020 OUP. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. Please refer to any applicable terms of use of the publisher.
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Mortier, A., Zapatero Osorio, M. R., Malavolta, L., Alibert, Y., Rice, K., Lillo-Box, J., Vanderburg, A., Oshagh, M., Buchhave, L., Adibekyan, V., Delgado Mena, E., Lopez-Morales, M., Charbonneau, D., Sousa, S. G., Lovis, C., Affer, L., Allende Prieto, C., Barros, S. C. C., Benatti, S., ... Wilson, T. G. (2020). K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 499(4), 5004-5021. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3144

@article{67d65aac554841daa638cd2c9afd4e24,

title = "K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance",

abstract = "This paper reports on the detailed characterization of the K2-111 planetary system with K2, WASP, and ASAS-SN photometry, as well as high-resolution spectroscopic data from HARPS-N and ESPRESSO. The host, K2-111, is confirmed to be a mildly evolved (log g = 4.17), iron-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.46), but alpha-enhanced ([α/Fe]=0.27), chromospherically quiet, very old thick disc G2 star. A global fit, performed by using PyORBIT, shows that the transiting planet, K2-111 b, orbits with a period Pb = 5.3518 ± 0.0004 d and has a planet radius of $1.82^{+0.11}_{-0.09}$ R⊕ and a mass of $5.29^{+0.76}_{-0.77}$ M⊕, resulting in a bulk density slightly lower than that of the Earth. The stellar chemical composition and the planet properties are consistent with K2-111 b being a terrestrial planet with an iron core mass fraction lower than theEarth. We announce the existence of a second signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a non-transiting planet, K2-111 c, with an orbital period of 15.6785 ± 0.0064 d, orbiting in near-3:1 mean motion resonance with the transiting planet, and a minimum planet mass of 11.3 ± 1.1 M⊕. Both planet signals are independently detected in the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data when fitted separately. There are potentially more planets in this resonant system, but more well-sampled data are required to confirm their presence and physical parameters.",

keywords = "techniques: photometric, techniques: radial velocities, techniques: spectroscopic, planets and satellites: detection, stars: individual (K2-111)",

author = "A. Mortier and {Zapatero Osorio}, {M. R.} and L. Malavolta and Y. Alibert and K. Rice and J. Lillo-Box and A. Vanderburg and M. Oshagh and L. Buchhave and V. Adibekyan and {Delgado Mena}, E. and M. Lopez-Morales and D. Charbonneau and Sousa, {S. G.} and C. Lovis and L. Affer and {Allende Prieto}, C. and Barros, {S. C. C.} and S. Benatti and Bonomo, {A. S.} and W. Boschin and F. Bouchy and A. Cabral and {Collier Cameron}, A. and R. Cosentino and S. Cristiani and Demangeon, {O. D. S.} and {Di Marcantonio}, P. and V. D'Odorico and X. Dumusque and D. Ehrenreich and P. Figueira and A. Fiorenzano and A. Ghedina and {Gonz{\'a}lez Hern{\'a}ndez}, {J. I.} and J. Haldemann and A. Harutyunyan and Haywood, {R. D.} and Latham, {D. W.} and B. Lavie and {Lo Curto}, G. and J. Maldonado and A. Manescau and Martins, {C. J. A. P.} and M. Mayor and D. M{\'e}gevand and A. Mehner and G. Micela and P. Molaro and E. Molinari and Nunes, {N. J.} and Pepe, {F. A.} and E. Palle and D. Phillips and G. Piotto and M. Pinamonti and E. Poretti and M. Riva and R. Rebolo and Santos, {N. C.} and D. Sasselov and A. Sozzetti and {Su{\'a}rez Mascare{\~n}o}, A. and S. Udry and West, {R. G.} and Watson, {C. A.} and Wilson, {T. G.}",

year = "2020",

month = oct,

day = "27",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/staa3144",

language = "English",

volume = "499",

pages = "5004--5021",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "4",

}

Mortier, A, Zapatero Osorio, MR, Malavolta, L, Alibert, Y, Rice, K, Lillo-Box, J, Vanderburg, A, Oshagh, M, Buchhave, L, Adibekyan, V, Delgado Mena, E, Lopez-Morales, M, Charbonneau, D, Sousa, SG, Lovis, C, Affer, L, Allende Prieto, C, Barros, SCC, Benatti, S, Bonomo, AS, Boschin, W, Bouchy, F, Cabral, A, Collier Cameron, A, Cosentino, R, Cristiani, S, Demangeon, ODS, Di Marcantonio, P, D'Odorico, V, Dumusque, X, Ehrenreich, D, Figueira, P, Fiorenzano, A, Ghedina, A, González Hernández, JI, Haldemann, J, Harutyunyan, A, Haywood, RD, Latham, DW, Lavie, B, Lo Curto, G, Maldonado, J, Manescau, A, Martins, CJAP, Mayor, M, Mégevand, D, Mehner, A, Micela, G, Molaro, P, Molinari, E, Nunes, NJ, Pepe, FA, Palle, E, Phillips, D, Piotto, G, Pinamonti, M, Poretti, E, Riva, M, Rebolo, R, Santos, NC, Sasselov, D, Sozzetti, A, Suárez Mascareño, A, Udry, S, West, RG, Watson, CA & Wilson, TG 2020, 'K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 499, no. 4, pp. 5004-5021. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3144

TY - JOUR

T1 - K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance

AU - Mortier, A.

AU - Zapatero Osorio, M. R.

AU - Malavolta, L.

AU - Alibert, Y.

AU - Rice, K.

AU - Lillo-Box, J.

AU - Vanderburg, A.

AU - Oshagh, M.

AU - Buchhave, L.

AU - Adibekyan, V.

AU - Delgado Mena, E.

AU - Lopez-Morales, M.

AU - Charbonneau, D.

AU - Sousa, S. G.

AU - Lovis, C.

AU - Affer, L.

AU - Allende Prieto, C.

AU - Barros, S. C. C.

AU - Benatti, S.

AU - Bonomo, A. S.

AU - Boschin, W.

AU - Bouchy, F.

AU - Cabral, A.

AU - Collier Cameron, A.

AU - Cosentino, R.

AU - Cristiani, S.

AU - Demangeon, O. D. S.

AU - Di Marcantonio, P.

AU - D'Odorico, V.

AU - Dumusque, X.

AU - Ehrenreich, D.

AU - Figueira, P.

AU - Fiorenzano, A.

AU - Ghedina, A.

AU - González Hernández, J. I.

AU - Haldemann, J.

AU - Harutyunyan, A.

AU - Haywood, R. D.

AU - Latham, D. W.

AU - Lavie, B.

AU - Lo Curto, G.

AU - Maldonado, J.

AU - Manescau, A.

AU - Martins, C. J. A. P.

AU - Mayor, M.

AU - Mégevand, D.

AU - Mehner, A.

AU - Micela, G.

AU - Molaro, P.

AU - Molinari, E.

AU - Nunes, N. J.

AU - Pepe, F. A.

AU - Palle, E.

AU - Phillips, D.

AU - Piotto, G.

AU - Pinamonti, M.

AU - Poretti, E.

AU - Riva, M.

AU - Rebolo, R.

AU - Santos, N. C.

AU - Sasselov, D.

AU - Sozzetti, A.

AU - Suárez Mascareño, A.

AU - Udry, S.

AU - West, R. G.

AU - Watson, C. A.

AU - Wilson, T. G.

PY - 2020/10/27

Y1 - 2020/10/27

N2 - This paper reports on the detailed characterization of the K2-111 planetary system with K2, WASP, and ASAS-SN photometry, as well as high-resolution spectroscopic data from HARPS-N and ESPRESSO. The host, K2-111, is confirmed to be a mildly evolved (log g = 4.17), iron-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.46), but alpha-enhanced ([α/Fe]=0.27), chromospherically quiet, very old thick disc G2 star. A global fit, performed by using PyORBIT, shows that the transiting planet, K2-111 b, orbits with a period Pb = 5.3518 ± 0.0004 d and has a planet radius of $1.82^{+0.11}_{-0.09}$ R⊕ and a mass of $5.29^{+0.76}_{-0.77}$ M⊕, resulting in a bulk density slightly lower than that of the Earth. The stellar chemical composition and the planet properties are consistent with K2-111 b being a terrestrial planet with an iron core mass fraction lower than theEarth. We announce the existence of a second signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a non-transiting planet, K2-111 c, with an orbital period of 15.6785 ± 0.0064 d, orbiting in near-3:1 mean motion resonance with the transiting planet, and a minimum planet mass of 11.3 ± 1.1 M⊕. Both planet signals are independently detected in the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data when fitted separately. There are potentially more planets in this resonant system, but more well-sampled data are required to confirm their presence and physical parameters.

AB - This paper reports on the detailed characterization of the K2-111 planetary system with K2, WASP, and ASAS-SN photometry, as well as high-resolution spectroscopic data from HARPS-N and ESPRESSO. The host, K2-111, is confirmed to be a mildly evolved (log g = 4.17), iron-poor ([Fe/H] = -0.46), but alpha-enhanced ([α/Fe]=0.27), chromospherically quiet, very old thick disc G2 star. A global fit, performed by using PyORBIT, shows that the transiting planet, K2-111 b, orbits with a period Pb = 5.3518 ± 0.0004 d and has a planet radius of $1.82^{+0.11}_{-0.09}$ R⊕ and a mass of $5.29^{+0.76}_{-0.77}$ M⊕, resulting in a bulk density slightly lower than that of the Earth. The stellar chemical composition and the planet properties are consistent with K2-111 b being a terrestrial planet with an iron core mass fraction lower than theEarth. We announce the existence of a second signal in the radial velocity data that we attribute to a non-transiting planet, K2-111 c, with an orbital period of 15.6785 ± 0.0064 d, orbiting in near-3:1 mean motion resonance with the transiting planet, and a minimum planet mass of 11.3 ± 1.1 M⊕. Both planet signals are independently detected in the HARPS-N and ESPRESSO data when fitted separately. There are potentially more planets in this resonant system, but more well-sampled data are required to confirm their presence and physical parameters.

KW - techniques: photometric

KW - techniques: radial velocities

KW - techniques: spectroscopic

KW - planets and satellites: detection

KW - stars: individual (K2-111)

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/staa3144

DO - 10.1093/mnras/staa3144

M3 - Article

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 499

SP - 5004

EP - 5021

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 4

ER -

K2-111: an old system with two planets in near-resonance

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Keywords

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