Long-term outcomes after concurrent once- or twice-daily chemoradiation in limited-stage small-cell lung cancer: a brief report from the CONVERT trial

Gerard M Walls, Hitesh Mistry, Fabrice Barlesi, Andrea Bezjak, Cecile Le Pechoux, Mary O'Brien, Jan P Van Meerbeeck, Fiona Blackhall, Corinne Faivre-Finn

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Abstract

Purpose
CONVERT was a phase 3 international randomized clinical trial comparing once-daily (OD) and twice-daily (BD) radiation therapy (RT). This updated analysis describes the 6.5-year outcomes of these regimens delivered with conformal techniques.

Methods and Materials
CONVERT (NCT00433563) randomized patients 1:1 between OD RT (66 Gy/33 fractions/6.5 weeks) and BD RT (45 Gy/30 fractions/3 weeks), both delivered with concurrent cisplatin/etoposide. Three-dimensional conformal RT was mandatory, intensity-modulated RT was permitted, and elective nodal irradiation was not allowed. Prophylactic cranial irradiation was delivered at the discretion of treating clinicians. RT treatment planning was subject to central quality assurance.

Results
Five hundred forty-seven patients were recruited at 73 centers. The median follow-up for the surviving cohort (n = 164) was 81.2 months. The median survival for the OD and BD arms were 25.4 months (95% CI, 21.1-30.9) and 30.0 months (95% CI, 25.3-36.5; hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% CI, 0.92-1.38; P = .247). Performance status and tumor volume were associated with survival on multivariate analysis. No treatment-related deaths occurred subsequent to the initial analysis performed in 2017. Regarding late toxicity, 7 patients in the OD arm developed grade 3 esophagitis, 4 of which went on to develop stricture or fistulation, compared with no patients in the BD arm. Grade 3 pulmonary fibrosis occurred in 2 and 3 patients in the OD and BD arms, respectively.

Conclusions
As the CONVERT trial did not demonstrate the superiority of OD RT and this regimen had a slightly worse toxicity profile after 80 months of follow-up, 45 Gy BD should remain the standard of care in limited stage small cell lung cancer.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1386-1390
JournalInternational Journal of Radiation Oncology - Biology - Physics
Volume119
Issue number5
Early online date21 Mar 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 01 Aug 2024

Keywords

  • radiation therapy
  • limited stage
  • survivorship
  • hyperfractionation
  • Small cell lung cancer

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