MicroRNA regulation of mitochondrial and ER stress signaling pathways: implications for lipoprotein metabolism in metabolic syndrome

Patricia Christian, Qiaozhu Su

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

40 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The development of metabolic syndrome is closely associated with the deregulation of lipid metabolism. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are intensively engaged in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism by regulating genes involved in control of intracellular lipid synthesis, mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, and lipoprotein assembly. Mitochondrial dysfunction induced by altered miRNA expression has been proposed to be a contributing factor in the onset of metabolic diseases, while at the same time, aberrant expression of certain miRNAs is associated with the induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress induced by nutrient-surplus. These studies position miRNAs as a link between oxidative stress and ER stress, two cellular stress pathways that are deregulated in metabolic disease and are associated with very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) overproduction. Dyslipoproteinemia frequently accompanied with metabolic syndrome is initiated largely by the overproduction of VLDL and altered biogenesis of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In this review, we highlight recent findings on the regulatory impact of miRNAs on the metabolic homeostasis of mitochondria and ER as well as their contribution to the aberrant biogenesis of both VLDL and HDL in the context of metabolic disorders, in an attempt to gain further insights into the molecular mechanisms of dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)E729-E737
JournalAmerican Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism
Volume307
Issue number9
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 01 Nov 2014

Keywords

  • Animals
  • Dyslipidemias/etiology
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
  • Energy Metabolism
  • Humans
  • Lipoproteins/blood
  • Liver/immunology
  • Metabolic Syndrome/blood
  • MicroRNAs/metabolism
  • Mitochondria/immunology
  • Models, Biological
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Signal Transduction

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