Optimization of end-fire realized gain and side lobe levels in active and parasitic antenna arrays

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingConference contribution

Abstract

This work presents a comprehensive optimization strategy for both active and parasitic antenna arrays, focusing on maximizing the overall efficiency and realized gain (RG). Using a differential evolution (DE) algorithm, we optimize key parameters such as element spacing, excitation currents, and load values. By removing predefined constraints on excitation vectors, this approach achieves greater flexibility and higher RG for all the array configurations, which is validated through full-wave simulations. Using the proposed DE-based optimization technique, we show a five-element parasitic array, achieving a maximum RG of 11.42 dB. Then, the optimization is extended to include side lobe level (SLL) minimization, balancing RG and low SLLs to improve the end-fire radiation performance. The parasitic five-element array achieves a RG of 10.32 dB with a SLL of −20 dB. This approach offers promising results for 5G and beyond wireless communication systems requiring compact, high-efficiency arrays with controlled interference.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationProceedings of the 19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation, EuCAP 2025
PublisherInstitute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Number of pages5
Publication statusAccepted - 31 Dec 2024
Event19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation 2025 - Stockholm, Sweden
Duration: 30 Mar 202504 Apr 2025
https://eucap.org/

Publication series

NameEuCAP Proceedings
ISSN (Print)2164-3342

Conference

Conference19th European Conference on Antennas and Propagation 2025
Abbreviated titleEuCAP 2025
Country/TerritorySweden
CityStockholm
Period30/03/202504/04/2025
Internet address

Keywords

  • active antenna arrays
  • differential evolution
  • end-fire arrays
  • high efficiency
  • high realized gain
  • parasitic antenna arrays
  • side lobe level optimization

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