TY - JOUR
T1 - Orthogonal Coded Active Illumination for Millimeter Wave, Massive-MIMO Computational Imaging With Metasurface Antennas
AU - Pedross-Engel, Andreas
AU - Arnitz, Daniel
AU - Gollub, Jonah
AU - Yurduseven, Okan
AU - Trofatter, Kenneth P.
AU - Imani, Mohammadreza F.
AU - Sleasman, Timothy
AU - Boyarsky, Michael
AU - Fu, Xiaojie
AU - Marks, Daniel
AU - Smith, David
AU - Reynolds, Matthew
PY - 2018/2/21
Y1 - 2018/2/21
N2 - Emerging metasurface antenna technology enables flexible and low cost massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging for applications such as personnel screening, weapon detection, reconnaissance, and remote sensing. This work proposes an orthogonal coded active illumination (OCAI) approach which utilizes simultaneous, mutually orthogonal coded transmit signals to illuminate the scene being imaged. It is shown that OCAI is robust to code amplitude and code phase imbalance introduced by imperfect transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) hardware, while also mitigating common impairments of low cost direct-conversion receivers, such as RX self-jamming and DC offsets. The coding gain offered by this approach improves imager signal to noise ratio performance by up to 15 dB using codes of symbol length 32. We present validation images of resolution targets and a human-scale mannequin, obtained with a custom massive-MIMO mmW imager having 24 simultaneous TXs and 72 simultaneous RXs operating in the K-band (17.5 GHz to 26.5 GHz). The imager leverages both spatial coding via frequency diverse metasurface antennas, and temporal coding via OCAI of the scene.
AB - Emerging metasurface antenna technology enables flexible and low cost massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) millimeter-wave (mmW) imaging for applications such as personnel screening, weapon detection, reconnaissance, and remote sensing. This work proposes an orthogonal coded active illumination (OCAI) approach which utilizes simultaneous, mutually orthogonal coded transmit signals to illuminate the scene being imaged. It is shown that OCAI is robust to code amplitude and code phase imbalance introduced by imperfect transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) hardware, while also mitigating common impairments of low cost direct-conversion receivers, such as RX self-jamming and DC offsets. The coding gain offered by this approach improves imager signal to noise ratio performance by up to 15 dB using codes of symbol length 32. We present validation images of resolution targets and a human-scale mannequin, obtained with a custom massive-MIMO mmW imager having 24 simultaneous TXs and 72 simultaneous RXs operating in the K-band (17.5 GHz to 26.5 GHz). The imager leverages both spatial coding via frequency diverse metasurface antennas, and temporal coding via OCAI of the scene.
KW - Computational Imaging
KW - Imaging
KW - Metasurfaces
KW - Antennas
KW - Millimeter Wave
U2 - 10.1109/TCI.2018.2808762
DO - 10.1109/TCI.2018.2808762
M3 - Article
SN - 2333-9403
SP - 184
EP - 193
JO - IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging
JF - IEEE Transactions on Computational Imaging
ER -