Abstract
Metastasis remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, irrespective of the primary tumour origin. However, the core gene regulatory program governing distinct stages of metastasis across cancers remains poorly understood. We investigate this through single-cell transcriptome analysis encompassing over two hundred patients with metastatic and non-metastatic tumours across six cancer types. Our analysis revealed a prognostic core gene signature that provides insights into the intricate cellular dynamics and gene regulatory networks driving metastasis progression at the pan-cancer and single-cell level. Notably, the dissection of transcription factor networks active across different stages of metastasis, combined with functional perturbation, identified SP1 and KLF5 as key regulators, acting as drivers and suppressors of metastasis, respectively, at critical steps of this transition across multiple cancer types. Through in vivo and in vitro loss of function of SP1 in cancer cells, we revealed its role in driving cancer cell survival, invasive growth, and metastatic colonisation. Furthermore, tumour cells and the microenvironment increasingly engage in communication through WNT signalling as metastasis progresses, driven by SP1. Further validating these observations, a drug repurposing analysis identified distinct FDA-approved drugs with anti-metastasis properties, including inhibitors of WNT signalling across various cancers.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 2 |
Number of pages | 30 |
Journal | Molecular Cancer |
Volume | 24 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 02 Jan 2025 |
Keywords
- humans
- neoplasm metastasis
- gene expression regulation, Neoplastic
- neoplasms/pathology
- Sp1 transcription factor/metabolism
- animals
- gene regulatory networks
- cell line, tumor
- mice
- gene expression profiling
- tumor microenvironment
- Wnt signaling pathway
- single-cell analysis
- prognosis
- transcriptome
- kruppel-like transcription Factors/genetics