Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health

Evangeline Gardiner; Amanda Baumgart; Allison Tong; Julian H. Elliott; Luciano Cesar Azevedo; Andrew Bersten; Lilia Cervantes; Derek P. Chew; Yeoungjee Cho; Sally Crowe; Ivor S. Douglas; Nicole Evangelidis; Ella Flemyng; Peter Horby; Martin Howell; Jaehee Lee; Eduardo Lorca; Deena Lynch; John C. Marshall; Andrea Matus Gonzalez; Anne McKenzie; Karine Manera; Sangeeta Mehta; Mervyn Mer; Andrew Conway Morris; Saad Nseir; Pedro Povoa; Mark Reid; Yasser Sakr; Ning Shen; Alan R. Smyth; Tom Snelling; Giovanni F.M. Strippoli; Armando Teixeira-Pinto; Antoni Torres; Andrea K. Viecelli; Steve Webb; Paula R. Williamson; Laila Woc-Colburn; Junhua Zhang; Jonathan C. Craig

doi:10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637

Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health

Evangeline Gardiner^*, Amanda Baumgart, Allison Tong, Julian H. Elliott, Luciano Cesar Azevedo, Andrew Bersten, Lilia Cervantes, Derek P. Chew, Yeoungjee Cho, Sally Crowe, Ivor S. Douglas, Nicole Evangelidis, Ella Flemyng, Peter Horby, Martin Howell, Jaehee Lee, Eduardo Lorca, Deena Lynch, John C. Marshall, Andrea Matus GonzalezAnne McKenzie, Karine Manera, Sangeeta Mehta, Mervyn Mer, Andrew Conway Morris, Saad Nseir, Pedro Povoa, Mark Reid, Yasser Sakr, Ning Shen, Alan R. Smyth, Tom Snelling, Giovanni F.M. Strippoli, Armando Teixeira-Pinto, Antoni Torres, Andrea K. Viecelli, Steve Webb, Paula R. Williamson, Laila Woc-Colburn, Junhua Zhang, Jonathan C. Craig

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background
The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has seen a global surge in anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stress.

Aims
This study aimed to describe the perspectives of patients with COVID-19, their family, health professionals, and the general public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health.

Methods
A secondary thematic analysis was conducted using data from the COVID-19 COS project. We extracted data on the perceived causes and impact of COVID-19 on mental health from an international survey and seven online consensus workshops.

Results
We identified four themes (with subthemes in parenthesis): anxiety amidst uncertainty (always on high alert, ebb and flow of recovery); anguish of a threatened future (intense frustration of a changed normality, facing loss of livelihood, trauma of ventilation, a troubling prognosis, confronting death); bearing responsibility for transmission (fear of spreading COVID-19 in public; overwhelming guilt of infecting a loved one); and suffering in isolation (severe solitude of quarantine, sick and alone, separation exacerbating grief).

Conclusion
We found that the unpredictability of COVID-19, the fear of long-term health consequences, burden of guilt, and suffering in isolation profoundly impacted mental health. Clinical and public health interventions are needed to manage the psychological consequences arising from this pandemic.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	524-533
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Mental Health
Volume	31
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637
Publication status	Published - 04 Jan 2022
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The project is funded by the Flinders University and the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce, convened by the Australian Living Evidence Consortium, hosted by Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University supported by the Australian Government, Victorian Department of Health and Human Services, Ian Potter Foundation, Walter Cottman Endowment Fund (managed by Equity Trustees) and the Lord Mayor’s Charitable Foundation). AT is supported by The University of Sydney Robinson Fellowship. ACM is supported by a Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust [WT 2055214/Z/16/Z]. AV is supported by a Jacquot Research Establishment Fellowship. The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Keywords

anxiety
COVID-19
depression
PTSD
SARS-CoV-2

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Psychiatry and Mental health

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Access to Document

10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637Licence: Unspecified

Cite this

Gardiner, E., Baumgart, A., Tong, A., Elliott, J. H., Azevedo, L. C., Bersten, A., Cervantes, L., Chew, D. P., Cho, Y., Crowe, S., Douglas, I. S., Evangelidis, N., Flemyng, E., Horby, P., Howell, M., Lee, J., Lorca, E., Lynch, D., Marshall, J. C., ... Craig, J. C. (2022). Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health. Journal of Mental Health, 31(4), 524-533. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637

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title = "Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health",

abstract = "BackgroundThe coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has seen a global surge in anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stress.AimsThis study aimed to describe the perspectives of patients with COVID-19, their family, health professionals, and the general public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health.MethodsA secondary thematic analysis was conducted using data from the COVID-19 COS project. We extracted data on the perceived causes and impact of COVID-19 on mental health from an international survey and seven online consensus workshops.ResultsWe identified four themes (with subthemes in parenthesis): anxiety amidst uncertainty (always on high alert, ebb and flow of recovery); anguish of a threatened future (intense frustration of a changed normality, facing loss of livelihood, trauma of ventilation, a troubling prognosis, confronting death); bearing responsibility for transmission (fear of spreading COVID-19 in public; overwhelming guilt of infecting a loved one); and suffering in isolation (severe solitude of quarantine, sick and alone, separation exacerbating grief).ConclusionWe found that the unpredictability of COVID-19, the fear of long-term health consequences, burden of guilt, and suffering in isolation profoundly impacted mental health. Clinical and public health interventions are needed to manage the psychological consequences arising from this pandemic.",

keywords = "anxiety, COVID-19, depression, PTSD, SARS-CoV-2",

author = "Evangeline Gardiner and Amanda Baumgart and Allison Tong and Elliott, {Julian H.} and Azevedo, {Luciano Cesar} and Andrew Bersten and Lilia Cervantes and Chew, {Derek P.} and Yeoungjee Cho and Sally Crowe and Douglas, {Ivor S.} and Nicole Evangelidis and Ella Flemyng and Peter Horby and Martin Howell and Jaehee Lee and Eduardo Lorca and Deena Lynch and Marshall, {John C.} and Gonzalez, {Andrea Matus} and Anne McKenzie and Karine Manera and Sangeeta Mehta and Mervyn Mer and Morris, {Andrew Conway} and Saad Nseir and Pedro Povoa and Mark Reid and Yasser Sakr and Ning Shen and Smyth, {Alan R.} and Tom Snelling and Strippoli, {Giovanni F.M.} and Armando Teixeira-Pinto and Antoni Torres and Viecelli, {Andrea K.} and Steve Webb and Williamson, {Paula R.} and Laila Woc-Colburn and Junhua Zhang and Craig, {Jonathan C.}",

note = "Funding Information: The project is funded by the Flinders University and the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce, convened by the Australian Living Evidence Consortium, hosted by Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University supported by the Australian Government, Victorian Department of Health and Human Services, Ian Potter Foundation, Walter Cottman Endowment Fund (managed by Equity Trustees) and the Lord Mayor{\textquoteright}s Charitable Foundation). AT is supported by The University of Sydney Robinson Fellowship. ACM is supported by a Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust [WT 2055214/Z/16/Z]. AV is supported by a Jacquot Research Establishment Fellowship. The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.",

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Gardiner, E, Baumgart, A, Tong, A, Elliott, JH, Azevedo, LC, Bersten, A, Cervantes, L, Chew, DP, Cho, Y, Crowe, S, Douglas, IS, Evangelidis, N, Flemyng, E, Horby, P, Howell, M, Lee, J, Lorca, E, Lynch, D, Marshall, JC, Gonzalez, AM, McKenzie, A, Manera, K, Mehta, S, Mer, M, Morris, AC, Nseir, S, Povoa, P, Reid, M, Sakr, Y, Shen, N, Smyth, AR, Snelling, T, Strippoli, GFM, Teixeira-Pinto, A, Torres, A, Viecelli, AK, Webb, S, Williamson, PR, Woc-Colburn, L, Zhang, J & Craig, JC 2022, 'Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health', Journal of Mental Health, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 524-533. https://doi.org/10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637

TY - JOUR

T1 - Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health

AU - Gardiner, Evangeline

AU - Baumgart, Amanda

AU - Tong, Allison

AU - Elliott, Julian H.

AU - Azevedo, Luciano Cesar

AU - Bersten, Andrew

AU - Cervantes, Lilia

AU - Chew, Derek P.

AU - Cho, Yeoungjee

AU - Crowe, Sally

AU - Douglas, Ivor S.

AU - Evangelidis, Nicole

AU - Flemyng, Ella

AU - Horby, Peter

AU - Howell, Martin

AU - Lee, Jaehee

AU - Lorca, Eduardo

AU - Lynch, Deena

AU - Marshall, John C.

AU - Gonzalez, Andrea Matus

AU - McKenzie, Anne

AU - Manera, Karine

AU - Mehta, Sangeeta

AU - Mer, Mervyn

AU - Morris, Andrew Conway

AU - Nseir, Saad

AU - Povoa, Pedro

AU - Reid, Mark

AU - Sakr, Yasser

AU - Shen, Ning

AU - Smyth, Alan R.

AU - Snelling, Tom

AU - Strippoli, Giovanni F.M.

AU - Teixeira-Pinto, Armando

AU - Torres, Antoni

AU - Viecelli, Andrea K.

AU - Webb, Steve

AU - Williamson, Paula R.

AU - Woc-Colburn, Laila

AU - Zhang, Junhua

AU - Craig, Jonathan C.

N1 - Funding Information: The project is funded by the Flinders University and the National COVID-19 Clinical Evidence Taskforce, convened by the Australian Living Evidence Consortium, hosted by Cochrane Australia, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University supported by the Australian Government, Victorian Department of Health and Human Services, Ian Potter Foundation, Walter Cottman Endowment Fund (managed by Equity Trustees) and the Lord Mayor’s Charitable Foundation). AT is supported by The University of Sydney Robinson Fellowship. ACM is supported by a Clinical Research Career Development Fellowship from the Wellcome Trust [WT 2055214/Z/16/Z]. AV is supported by a Jacquot Research Establishment Fellowship. The funding organizations had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

PY - 2022/1/4

Y1 - 2022/1/4

N2 - BackgroundThe coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has seen a global surge in anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stress.AimsThis study aimed to describe the perspectives of patients with COVID-19, their family, health professionals, and the general public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health.MethodsA secondary thematic analysis was conducted using data from the COVID-19 COS project. We extracted data on the perceived causes and impact of COVID-19 on mental health from an international survey and seven online consensus workshops.ResultsWe identified four themes (with subthemes in parenthesis): anxiety amidst uncertainty (always on high alert, ebb and flow of recovery); anguish of a threatened future (intense frustration of a changed normality, facing loss of livelihood, trauma of ventilation, a troubling prognosis, confronting death); bearing responsibility for transmission (fear of spreading COVID-19 in public; overwhelming guilt of infecting a loved one); and suffering in isolation (severe solitude of quarantine, sick and alone, separation exacerbating grief).ConclusionWe found that the unpredictability of COVID-19, the fear of long-term health consequences, burden of guilt, and suffering in isolation profoundly impacted mental health. Clinical and public health interventions are needed to manage the psychological consequences arising from this pandemic.

AB - BackgroundThe coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has seen a global surge in anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and stress.AimsThis study aimed to describe the perspectives of patients with COVID-19, their family, health professionals, and the general public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health.MethodsA secondary thematic analysis was conducted using data from the COVID-19 COS project. We extracted data on the perceived causes and impact of COVID-19 on mental health from an international survey and seven online consensus workshops.ResultsWe identified four themes (with subthemes in parenthesis): anxiety amidst uncertainty (always on high alert, ebb and flow of recovery); anguish of a threatened future (intense frustration of a changed normality, facing loss of livelihood, trauma of ventilation, a troubling prognosis, confronting death); bearing responsibility for transmission (fear of spreading COVID-19 in public; overwhelming guilt of infecting a loved one); and suffering in isolation (severe solitude of quarantine, sick and alone, separation exacerbating grief).ConclusionWe found that the unpredictability of COVID-19, the fear of long-term health consequences, burden of guilt, and suffering in isolation profoundly impacted mental health. Clinical and public health interventions are needed to manage the psychological consequences arising from this pandemic.

KW - anxiety

KW - COVID-19

KW - depression

KW - PTSD

KW - SARS-CoV-2

U2 - 10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637

DO - 10.1080/09638237.2021.2022637

M3 - Article

C2 - 34983279

AN - SCOPUS:85122372157

SN - 0963-8237

VL - 31

SP - 524

EP - 533

JO - Journal of Mental Health

JF - Journal of Mental Health

IS - 4

ER -

Perspectives of patients, family members, health professionals and the public on the impact of COVID-19 on mental health

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Cite this