Pharmaceutical approaches on antimicrobial resistance: prospects and challenges

Firzan Nainu*, Andi Dian Permana, Nana Juniarti Natsir Djide, Qonita Kurnia Anjani, Rifka Nurul Utami, Nur Rahma Rumata, Jianye Zhang, Talha Bin Emran, Jesus Simal-Gandara

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

40 Citations (Scopus)
172 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

The rapid increase in pathogenic microorganisms with antimicrobial resistant profiles has become a significant public health problem globally. The management of this issue using conventional antimicrobial preparations frequently results in an increase in pathogen resistance and a shortage of effective antimicrobials for future use against the same pathogens. In this review, we discuss the emergence of AMR and argue for the importance of addressing this issue by discovering novel synthetic or naturally occurring antibacterial compounds and providing insights into the application of various drug delivery approaches, delivered through numerous routes, in comparison with conventional delivery systems. In addition, we discuss the effectiveness of these delivery systems in different types of infectious diseases associated with antimicrobial resistance. Finally, future considerations in the development of highly effective antimicrobial delivery systems to combat an-timicrobial resistance are presented.

Original languageEnglish
Article number981
JournalAntibiotics
Volume10
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 14 Aug 2021

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 by the authors. Li-censee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

Keywords

  • Antimicrobial resistance
  • Antimicrobials
  • Drug delivery
  • Pharmaceutical preparations

ASJC Scopus subject areas

  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics(all)
  • Microbiology (medical)
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology (medical)

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