Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations

L. Dover; S. C. Lowry; A. Rożek; B. Rozitis; S. L. Jackson; T. Zegmott; Yu N. Krugly; I. N. Belskaya; A. Fitzsimmons; S. F. Green; C. Snodgrass; P. R. Weissman; M. Brozović; L. A. M. Benner; M. W. Busch; V. R. Ayvazian; V. Chiorny; R. Ya Inasaridze; M. Krugov; S. Mykhailova; I. Reva; J. Hibbert

doi:10.1093/mnras/stad2528

Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations

L. Dover^*, S. C. Lowry, A. Rożek, B. Rozitis, S. L. Jackson, T. Zegmott, Yu N. Krugly, I. N. Belskaya, A. Fitzsimmons, S. F. Green, C. Snodgrass, P. R. Weissman, M. Brozović, L. A. M. Benner, M. W. Busch, V. R. Ayvazian, V. Chiorny, R. Ya Inasaridze, M. Krugov, S. MykhailovaI. Reva, J. Hibbert

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

We present a physical model and spin-state analysis of the potentially hazardous asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9. As part of a long-term campaign to make direct detections of the Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect, we collected optical light curves of the asteroid between 2006 and 2020. These observations were combined with planetary radar data to develop a detailed shape model, which was used to search for YORP acceleration. We report that 2000 PN9 is a relatively large top-shaped body with a sidereal rotation period of 2.53216 ± 0.00015 h. Although we find no evidence for rotational acceleration, YORP torques smaller than ∼10⁻⁸rad d⁻² cannot be ruled out. It is likely that 2000 PN9 is a YORP-evolved object, and may be an example of YORP equilibrium or self-limitation.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4581-4595
Number of pages	15
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	525
Issue number	3
Early online date	01 Sept 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2528
Publication status	Published - 01 Nov 2023

Keywords

methods: data analysis
methods: observational
minor planets, asteroids: individual: (23187) 2000 PN9
radiation mechanisms: Thermal
techniques: photometric
techniques: radar astronomy

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.1093/mnras/stad2528

Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations
Copyright 2023 The Authors. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.
Final published version, 2.33 MBLicence: CC BY

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Dover, L., Lowry, S. C., Rożek, A., Rozitis, B., Jackson, S. L., Zegmott, T., Krugly, Y. N., Belskaya, I. N., Fitzsimmons, A., Green, S. F., Snodgrass, C., Weissman, P. R., Brozović, M., Benner, L. A. M., Busch, M. W., Ayvazian, V. R., Chiorny, V., Inasaridze, R. Y., Krugov, M., ... Hibbert, J. (2023). Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 525(3), 4581-4595. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2528

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title = "Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations",

abstract = "We present a physical model and spin-state analysis of the potentially hazardous asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9. As part of a long-term campaign to make direct detections of the Yarkovsky–O{\textquoteright}Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect, we collected optical light curves of the asteroid between 2006 and 2020. These observations were combined with planetary radar data to develop a detailed shape model, which was used to search for YORP acceleration. We report that 2000 PN9 is a relatively large top-shaped body with a sidereal rotation period of 2.53216 ± 0.00015 h. Although we find no evidence for rotational acceleration, YORP torques smaller than ∼10−8 rad d−2 cannot be ruled out. It is likely that 2000 PN9 is a YORP-evolved object, and may be an example of YORP equilibrium or self-limitation.",

keywords = "methods: data analysis, methods: observational, minor planets, asteroids: individual: (23187) 2000 PN9, radiation mechanisms: Thermal, techniques: photometric, techniques: radar astronomy",

author = "L. Dover and Lowry, {S. C.} and A. Ro{\.z}ek and B. Rozitis and Jackson, {S. L.} and T. Zegmott and Krugly, {Yu N.} and Belskaya, {I. N.} and A. Fitzsimmons and Green, {S. F.} and C. Snodgrass and Weissman, {P. R.} and M. Brozovi{\'c} and Benner, {L. A. M.} and Busch, {M. W.} and Ayvazian, {V. R.} and V. Chiorny and Inasaridze, {R. Ya} and M. Krugov and S. Mykhailova and I. Reva and J. Hibbert",

year = "2023",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/mnras/stad2528",

language = "English",

volume = "525",

pages = "4581--4595",

journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",

issn = "0035-8711",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

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Dover, L, Lowry, SC, Rożek, A, Rozitis, B, Jackson, SL, Zegmott, T, Krugly, YN, Belskaya, IN, Fitzsimmons, A, Green, SF, Snodgrass, C, Weissman, PR, Brozović, M, Benner, LAM, Busch, MW, Ayvazian, VR, Chiorny, V, Inasaridze, RY, Krugov, M, Mykhailova, S, Reva, I & Hibbert, J 2023, 'Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 525, no. 3, pp. 4581-4595. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad2528

TY - JOUR

T1 - Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations

AU - Dover, L.

AU - Lowry, S. C.

AU - Rożek, A.

AU - Rozitis, B.

AU - Jackson, S. L.

AU - Zegmott, T.

AU - Krugly, Yu N.

AU - Belskaya, I. N.

AU - Fitzsimmons, A.

AU - Green, S. F.

AU - Snodgrass, C.

AU - Weissman, P. R.

AU - Brozović, M.

AU - Benner, L. A. M.

AU - Busch, M. W.

AU - Ayvazian, V. R.

AU - Chiorny, V.

AU - Inasaridze, R. Ya

AU - Krugov, M.

AU - Mykhailova, S.

AU - Reva, I.

AU - Hibbert, J.

PY - 2023/11/1

Y1 - 2023/11/1

N2 - We present a physical model and spin-state analysis of the potentially hazardous asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9. As part of a long-term campaign to make direct detections of the Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect, we collected optical light curves of the asteroid between 2006 and 2020. These observations were combined with planetary radar data to develop a detailed shape model, which was used to search for YORP acceleration. We report that 2000 PN9 is a relatively large top-shaped body with a sidereal rotation period of 2.53216 ± 0.00015 h. Although we find no evidence for rotational acceleration, YORP torques smaller than ∼10−8 rad d−2 cannot be ruled out. It is likely that 2000 PN9 is a YORP-evolved object, and may be an example of YORP equilibrium or self-limitation.

AB - We present a physical model and spin-state analysis of the potentially hazardous asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9. As part of a long-term campaign to make direct detections of the Yarkovsky–O’Keefe–Radzievskii–Paddack (YORP) effect, we collected optical light curves of the asteroid between 2006 and 2020. These observations were combined with planetary radar data to develop a detailed shape model, which was used to search for YORP acceleration. We report that 2000 PN9 is a relatively large top-shaped body with a sidereal rotation period of 2.53216 ± 0.00015 h. Although we find no evidence for rotational acceleration, YORP torques smaller than ∼10−8 rad d−2 cannot be ruled out. It is likely that 2000 PN9 is a YORP-evolved object, and may be an example of YORP equilibrium or self-limitation.

KW - methods: data analysis

KW - methods: observational

KW - minor planets, asteroids: individual: (23187) 2000 PN9

KW - radiation mechanisms: Thermal

KW - techniques: photometric

KW - techniques: radar astronomy

U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stad2528

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stad2528

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85173536038

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 525

SP - 4581

EP - 4595

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 3

ER -

Physical modelling of near-Earth asteroid (23187) 2000 PN9 with ground-based optical and radar observations

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Keywords

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