Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

Ching Yu Cheng; Ningli Wang; Tien Y. Wong; Nathan Congdon; Mingguang He; Ya Xing Wang; Tasanee Braithwaite; Robert J. Casson; Maria Vittoria Cicinelli; Aditi Das; Seth R. Flaxman; Jost B. Jonas; Jill Elizabeth Keeffe; John H. Kempen; Janet Leasher; Hans Limburg; Kovin Naidoo; Konrad Pesudovs; Serge Resnikoff; Alexander J. Silvester; Nina Tahhan; Hugh R. Taylor; Rupert R.A. Bourne

doi:10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308

Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

Ching Yu Cheng, Ningli Wang, Tien Y. Wong, Nathan Congdon, Mingguang He, Ya Xing Wang, Tasanee Braithwaite, Robert J. Casson, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Aditi Das, Seth R. Flaxman, Jost B. Jonas, Jill Elizabeth Keeffe, John H. Kempen, Janet Leasher, Hans Limburg, Kovin Naidoo, Konrad Pesudovs, Serge Resnikoff, Alexander J. SilvesterNina Tahhan, Hugh R. Taylor, Rupert R.A. Bourne^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Queen's University Belfast

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

51 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) in East Asia in 2015 and to forecast the trend to 2020.

Methods: Through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we estimated prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye), moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60≤presenting visual acuity <6/18), mild vision impairment (mild VI: 6/18≤presenting visual acuity <6/12) and uncorrected presbyopia for 1990, 2010, 2015 and 2020. A total of 44 population-based studies were included.

Results: In 2015, age-standardised prevalence of blindness, MSVI, mild VI and uncorrected presbyopia was 0.37% (80% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.12%-0.68%), 3.06% (80% UI 1.35%-5.16%) and 2.65% (80% UI 0.92%-4.91%), 32.91% (80% UI 18.72%-48.47%), respectively, in East Asia. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (43.6%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (12.9%), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The leading cause for MSVI was uncorrected refractive error, followed by cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal disease, trachoma and DR. The burden of VI due to uncorrected refractive error, cataracts, glaucoma and DR has continued to rise over the decades reported.

Conclusions: Addressing the public healthcare barriers for cataract and uncorrected refractive error can help eliminate almost 57% of all blindness cases in this region. Therefore, public healthcare efforts should be focused on effective screening and effective patient education, with access to high-quality healthcare.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	616-622
Number of pages	7
Journal	British Journal of Ophthalmology
Volume	104
Issue number	5
Early online date	28 Aug 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308
Publication status	Published - 20 Apr 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Funding This study was funded by the Brien Holden Vision Institute. The results in this paper are prepared independently of the final estimates of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors study. NC is supported by the Ulverscroft Foundation (UK), JK is supported by an institutional Research to Prevent Blindness Grant and Sight for Souls.

Publisher Copyright:
©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Keywords

blindness
cataract
epidemiology
glaucoma
global burden of disease study
macular degeneration
refractive error
vision impairment
vision loss
vision loss expert group

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Ophthalmology
Sensory Systems
Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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Cite this

Cheng, C. Y., Wang, N., Wong, T. Y., Congdon, N., He, M., Wang, Y. X., Braithwaite, T., Casson, R. J., Cicinelli, M. V., Das, A., Flaxman, S. R., Jonas, J. B., Keeffe, J. E., Kempen, J. H., Leasher, J., Limburg, H., Naidoo, K., Pesudovs, K., Resnikoff, S., ... Bourne, R. R. A. (2020). Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections. British Journal of Ophthalmology, 104(5), 616-622. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308

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title = "Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections",

abstract = "Background: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) in East Asia in 2015 and to forecast the trend to 2020. Methods: Through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we estimated prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye), moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60≤presenting visual acuity <6/18), mild vision impairment (mild VI: 6/18≤presenting visual acuity <6/12) and uncorrected presbyopia for 1990, 2010, 2015 and 2020. A total of 44 population-based studies were included. Results: In 2015, age-standardised prevalence of blindness, MSVI, mild VI and uncorrected presbyopia was 0.37% (80% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.12%-0.68%), 3.06% (80% UI 1.35%-5.16%) and 2.65% (80% UI 0.92%-4.91%), 32.91% (80% UI 18.72%-48.47%), respectively, in East Asia. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (43.6%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (12.9%), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The leading cause for MSVI was uncorrected refractive error, followed by cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal disease, trachoma and DR. The burden of VI due to uncorrected refractive error, cataracts, glaucoma and DR has continued to rise over the decades reported.Conclusions: Addressing the public healthcare barriers for cataract and uncorrected refractive error can help eliminate almost 57% of all blindness cases in this region. Therefore, public healthcare efforts should be focused on effective screening and effective patient education, with access to high-quality healthcare.",

keywords = "blindness, cataract, epidemiology, glaucoma, global burden of disease study, macular degeneration, refractive error, vision impairment, vision loss, vision loss expert group",

author = "Cheng, {Ching Yu} and Ningli Wang and Wong, {Tien Y.} and Nathan Congdon and Mingguang He and Wang, {Ya Xing} and Tasanee Braithwaite and Casson, {Robert J.} and Cicinelli, {Maria Vittoria} and Aditi Das and Flaxman, {Seth R.} and Jonas, {Jost B.} and Keeffe, {Jill Elizabeth} and Kempen, {John H.} and Janet Leasher and Hans Limburg and Kovin Naidoo and Konrad Pesudovs and Serge Resnikoff and Silvester, {Alexander J.} and Nina Tahhan and Taylor, {Hugh R.} and Bourne, {Rupert R.A.}",

note = "Funding Information: Funding This study was funded by the Brien Holden Vision Institute. The results in this paper are prepared independently of the final estimates of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors study. NC is supported by the Ulverscroft Foundation (UK), JK is supported by an institutional Research to Prevent Blindness Grant and Sight for Souls. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright}Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.",

year = "2020",

month = apr,

day = "20",

doi = "10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308",

language = "English",

volume = "104",

pages = "616--622",

journal = "British Journal of Ophthalmology",

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Cheng, CY, Wang, N, Wong, TY, Congdon, N, He, M, Wang, YX, Braithwaite, T, Casson, RJ, Cicinelli, MV, Das, A, Flaxman, SR, Jonas, JB, Keeffe, JE, Kempen, JH, Leasher, J, Limburg, H, Naidoo, K, Pesudovs, K, Resnikoff, S, Silvester, AJ, Tahhan, N, Taylor, HR & Bourne, RRA 2020, 'Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections', British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 104, no. 5, pp. 616-622. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308

TY - JOUR

T1 - Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

AU - Cheng, Ching Yu

AU - Wang, Ningli

AU - Wong, Tien Y.

AU - Congdon, Nathan

AU - He, Mingguang

AU - Wang, Ya Xing

AU - Braithwaite, Tasanee

AU - Casson, Robert J.

AU - Cicinelli, Maria Vittoria

AU - Das, Aditi

AU - Flaxman, Seth R.

AU - Jonas, Jost B.

AU - Keeffe, Jill Elizabeth

AU - Kempen, John H.

AU - Leasher, Janet

AU - Limburg, Hans

AU - Naidoo, Kovin

AU - Pesudovs, Konrad

AU - Resnikoff, Serge

AU - Silvester, Alexander J.

AU - Tahhan, Nina

AU - Taylor, Hugh R.

AU - Bourne, Rupert R.A.

N1 - Funding Information: Funding This study was funded by the Brien Holden Vision Institute. The results in this paper are prepared independently of the final estimates of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors study. NC is supported by the Ulverscroft Foundation (UK), JK is supported by an institutional Research to Prevent Blindness Grant and Sight for Souls. Publisher Copyright: ©Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

PY - 2020/4/20

Y1 - 2020/4/20

N2 - Background: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) in East Asia in 2015 and to forecast the trend to 2020. Methods: Through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we estimated prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye), moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60≤presenting visual acuity <6/18), mild vision impairment (mild VI: 6/18≤presenting visual acuity <6/12) and uncorrected presbyopia for 1990, 2010, 2015 and 2020. A total of 44 population-based studies were included. Results: In 2015, age-standardised prevalence of blindness, MSVI, mild VI and uncorrected presbyopia was 0.37% (80% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.12%-0.68%), 3.06% (80% UI 1.35%-5.16%) and 2.65% (80% UI 0.92%-4.91%), 32.91% (80% UI 18.72%-48.47%), respectively, in East Asia. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (43.6%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (12.9%), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The leading cause for MSVI was uncorrected refractive error, followed by cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal disease, trachoma and DR. The burden of VI due to uncorrected refractive error, cataracts, glaucoma and DR has continued to rise over the decades reported.Conclusions: Addressing the public healthcare barriers for cataract and uncorrected refractive error can help eliminate almost 57% of all blindness cases in this region. Therefore, public healthcare efforts should be focused on effective screening and effective patient education, with access to high-quality healthcare.

AB - Background: To determine the prevalence and causes of blindness and vision impairment (VI) in East Asia in 2015 and to forecast the trend to 2020. Methods: Through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, we estimated prevalence of blindness (presenting visual acuity <3/60 in the better eye), moderate-to-severe vision impairment (MSVI; 3/60≤presenting visual acuity <6/18), mild vision impairment (mild VI: 6/18≤presenting visual acuity <6/12) and uncorrected presbyopia for 1990, 2010, 2015 and 2020. A total of 44 population-based studies were included. Results: In 2015, age-standardised prevalence of blindness, MSVI, mild VI and uncorrected presbyopia was 0.37% (80% uncertainty interval (UI) 0.12%-0.68%), 3.06% (80% UI 1.35%-5.16%) and 2.65% (80% UI 0.92%-4.91%), 32.91% (80% UI 18.72%-48.47%), respectively, in East Asia. Cataract was the leading cause of blindness (43.6%), followed by uncorrected refractive error (12.9%), glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, corneal diseases, trachoma and diabetic retinopathy (DR). The leading cause for MSVI was uncorrected refractive error, followed by cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, corneal disease, trachoma and DR. The burden of VI due to uncorrected refractive error, cataracts, glaucoma and DR has continued to rise over the decades reported.Conclusions: Addressing the public healthcare barriers for cataract and uncorrected refractive error can help eliminate almost 57% of all blindness cases in this region. Therefore, public healthcare efforts should be focused on effective screening and effective patient education, with access to high-quality healthcare.

KW - blindness

KW - cataract

KW - epidemiology

KW - glaucoma

KW - global burden of disease study

KW - macular degeneration

KW - refractive error

KW - vision impairment

KW - vision loss

KW - vision loss expert group

U2 - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308

DO - 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313308

M3 - Article

C2 - 31462416

AN - SCOPUS:85071757105

SN - 0007-1161

VL - 104

SP - 616

EP - 622

JO - British Journal of Ophthalmology

JF - British Journal of Ophthalmology

IS - 5

ER -

Prevalence and causes of vision loss in East Asia in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

UN SDGs

Access to Document

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Cite this