RIP kinases: key decision makers in cell death and innate immunity

F Humphries, S Yang, B Wang, P N Moynagh

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

204 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Innate immunity represents the first line of defence against invading pathogens. It consists of an initial inflammatory response that recruits white blood cells to the site of infection in an effort to destroy and eliminate the pathogen. Some pathogens replicate within host cells, and cell death by apoptosis is an important effector mechanism to remove the replication niche for such microbes. However, some microbes have evolved evasive strategies to block apoptosis, and in these cases host cells may employ further countermeasures, including an inflammatory form of cell death know as necroptosis. This review aims to highlight the importance of the RIP kinase family in controlling these various defence strategies. RIP1 is initially discussed as a key component of death receptor signalling and in the context of dictating whether a cell triggers a pathway of pro-inflammatory gene expression or cell death by apoptosis. The molecular and functional interplay of RIP1 and RIP3 is described, especially with respect to mediating necroptosis and as key mediators of inflammation. The function of RIP2, with particular emphasis on its role in NOD signalling, is also explored. Special attention is given to emphasizing the physiological and pathophysiological contexts for these various functions of RIP kinases.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)225-36
Number of pages12
JournalCell Death and Differentiation
Volume22
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Feb 2015

Keywords

  • Apoptosis
  • Cell Death
  • Gene Expression
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Inflammation
  • Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • Signal Transduction
  • Toll-Like Receptors

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