Self-focusing receive beamforming through multi-carrier information embedding

A self-focusing receive beamforming scheme is proposed in this paper. It is achieved by embedding information in the intermedium frequency (IF) components produced by non-linearly mixing the incoming multi-tone radio frequency (RF) signals. This receiver structure enjoys low-cost, low-power consumption, and, more importantly, the receive beamforming gain irrespective of the angles of arrival (AoAs) of the incoming RF signals. The theoretical derivations are presented, and are further validated through circuits and system simulations. The results highlight the self-focusing capability of the proposed receive architecture, offering a promising solution for the resource-constrained Internet of Things (IoT) applications.