Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors

Thomas G. White; Hannah Poole; Emma E. McBride; Matthew Oliver; Adrien Descamps; Luke B. Fletcher; W. Alex Angermeier; Cameron H. Allen; Karen Appel; Florian P. Condamine; Chandra B. Curry; Francesco Dallari; Stefan Funk; Eric Galtier; Eliseo J. Gamboa; Maxence Gauthier; Peter Graham; Sebastian Goede; Daniel Haden; Jongjin B. Kim; Hae Ja Lee; Benjamin K. Ofori-Okai; Scott Richardson; Alex Rigby; Christopher Schoenwaelder; Peihao Sun; Bastian L. Witte; Thomas Tschentscher; Ulf Zastrau; Bob Nagler; J. B. Hastings; Giulio Monaco; Dirk O. Gericke; Siegfried H. Glenzer; Gianluca Gregori

doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029

Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors

Thomas G. White, Hannah Poole, Emma E. McBride, Matthew Oliver, Adrien Descamps, Luke B. Fletcher, W. Alex Angermeier, Cameron H. Allen, Karen Appel, Florian P. Condamine, Chandra B. Curry, Francesco Dallari, Stefan Funk, Eric Galtier, Eliseo J. Gamboa, Maxence Gauthier, Peter Graham, Sebastian Goede, Daniel Haden, Jongjin B. KimHae Ja Lee, Benjamin K. Ofori-Okai, Scott Richardson, Alex Rigby, Christopher Schoenwaelder, Peihao Sun, Bastian L. Witte, Thomas Tschentscher, Ulf Zastrau, Bob Nagler, J. B. Hastings, Giulio Monaco, Dirk O. Gericke, Siegfried H. Glenzer, Gianluca Gregori

School of Mathematics and Physics

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Abstract

We present direct observations of acoustic waves in warm dense matter. We analyze wave-number- and energy-resolved x-ray spectra taken from warm dense methane created by laser heating a cryogenic liquid jet. X-ray diffraction and inelastic free-electron scattering yield sample conditions of 0.3±0.1 eV and 0.8±0.1 g/cm−3, corresponding to a pressure of ∼13 GPa. Inelastic x-ray scattering was used to observe the collective oscillations of the ions. With a highly improved energy resolution of ∼50 meV, we could clearly distinguish the Brillouin peaks from the quasielastic Rayleigh feature. Data at different wave numbers were utilized to derive a sound speed of 5.9±0.5 km/s, marking a high-temperature data point for methane and demonstrating consistency with Birch's law in this parameter regime. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Original language	English
Article number	L022029
Number of pages	7
Journal	Physical Review Research
Volume	6
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029
Publication status	Published - 02 May 2024

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Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors
Copyright 2024 the authors. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.
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White, T. G., Poole, H., McBride, E. E., Oliver, M., Descamps, A., Fletcher, L. B., Angermeier, W. A., Allen, C. H., Appel, K., Condamine, F. P., Curry, C. B., Dallari, F., Funk, S., Galtier, E., Gamboa, E. J., Gauthier, M., Graham, P., Goede, S., Haden, D., ... Gregori, G. (2024). Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors. Physical Review Research, 6(2), Article L022029. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029

@article{c8e11452be6543c38e363a61b89a4d2b,

title = "Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors",

abstract = "We present direct observations of acoustic waves in warm dense matter. We analyze wave-number- and energy-resolved x-ray spectra taken from warm dense methane created by laser heating a cryogenic liquid jet. X-ray diffraction and inelastic free-electron scattering yield sample conditions of 0.3±0.1 eV and 0.8±0.1 g/cm−3, corresponding to a pressure of ∼13 GPa. Inelastic x-ray scattering was used to observe the collective oscillations of the ions. With a highly improved energy resolution of ∼50 meV, we could clearly distinguish the Brillouin peaks from the quasielastic Rayleigh feature. Data at different wave numbers were utilized to derive a sound speed of 5.9±0.5 km/s, marking a high-temperature data point for methane and demonstrating consistency with Birch's law in this parameter regime. Published by the American Physical Society 2024",

author = "White, {Thomas G.} and Hannah Poole and McBride, {Emma E.} and Matthew Oliver and Adrien Descamps and Fletcher, {Luke B.} and Angermeier, {W. Alex} and Allen, {Cameron H.} and Karen Appel and Condamine, {Florian P.} and Curry, {Chandra B.} and Francesco Dallari and Stefan Funk and Eric Galtier and Gamboa, {Eliseo J.} and Maxence Gauthier and Peter Graham and Sebastian Goede and Daniel Haden and Kim, {Jongjin B.} and Lee, {Hae Ja} and Ofori-Okai, {Benjamin K.} and Scott Richardson and Alex Rigby and Christopher Schoenwaelder and Peihao Sun and Witte, {Bastian L.} and Thomas Tschentscher and Ulf Zastrau and Bob Nagler and Hastings, {J. B.} and Giulio Monaco and Gericke, {Dirk O.} and Glenzer, {Siegfried H.} and Gianluca Gregori",

year = "2024",

month = may,

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doi = "10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029",

language = "English",

volume = "6",

journal = "Physical Review Research",

issn = "2643-1564",

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White, TG, Poole, H, McBride, EE, Oliver, M, Descamps, A, Fletcher, LB, Angermeier, WA, Allen, CH, Appel, K, Condamine, FP, Curry, CB, Dallari, F, Funk, S, Galtier, E, Gamboa, EJ, Gauthier, M, Graham, P, Goede, S, Haden, D, Kim, JB, Lee, HJ, Ofori-Okai, BK, Richardson, S, Rigby, A, Schoenwaelder, C, Sun, P, Witte, BL, Tschentscher, T, Zastrau, U, Nagler, B, Hastings, JB, Monaco, G, Gericke, DO, Glenzer, SH & Gregori, G 2024, 'Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors', Physical Review Research, vol. 6, no. 2, L022029. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029

TY - JOUR

T1 - Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors

AU - White, Thomas G.

AU - Poole, Hannah

AU - McBride, Emma E.

AU - Oliver, Matthew

AU - Descamps, Adrien

AU - Fletcher, Luke B.

AU - Angermeier, W. Alex

AU - Allen, Cameron H.

AU - Appel, Karen

AU - Condamine, Florian P.

AU - Curry, Chandra B.

AU - Dallari, Francesco

AU - Funk, Stefan

AU - Galtier, Eric

AU - Gamboa, Eliseo J.

AU - Gauthier, Maxence

AU - Graham, Peter

AU - Goede, Sebastian

AU - Haden, Daniel

AU - Kim, Jongjin B.

AU - Lee, Hae Ja

AU - Ofori-Okai, Benjamin K.

AU - Richardson, Scott

AU - Rigby, Alex

AU - Schoenwaelder, Christopher

AU - Sun, Peihao

AU - Witte, Bastian L.

AU - Tschentscher, Thomas

AU - Zastrau, Ulf

AU - Nagler, Bob

AU - Hastings, J. B.

AU - Monaco, Giulio

AU - Gericke, Dirk O.

AU - Glenzer, Siegfried H.

AU - Gregori, Gianluca

PY - 2024/5/2

Y1 - 2024/5/2

N2 - We present direct observations of acoustic waves in warm dense matter. We analyze wave-number- and energy-resolved x-ray spectra taken from warm dense methane created by laser heating a cryogenic liquid jet. X-ray diffraction and inelastic free-electron scattering yield sample conditions of 0.3±0.1 eV and 0.8±0.1 g/cm−3, corresponding to a pressure of ∼13 GPa. Inelastic x-ray scattering was used to observe the collective oscillations of the ions. With a highly improved energy resolution of ∼50 meV, we could clearly distinguish the Brillouin peaks from the quasielastic Rayleigh feature. Data at different wave numbers were utilized to derive a sound speed of 5.9±0.5 km/s, marking a high-temperature data point for methane and demonstrating consistency with Birch's law in this parameter regime. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

AB - We present direct observations of acoustic waves in warm dense matter. We analyze wave-number- and energy-resolved x-ray spectra taken from warm dense methane created by laser heating a cryogenic liquid jet. X-ray diffraction and inelastic free-electron scattering yield sample conditions of 0.3±0.1 eV and 0.8±0.1 g/cm−3, corresponding to a pressure of ∼13 GPa. Inelastic x-ray scattering was used to observe the collective oscillations of the ions. With a highly improved energy resolution of ∼50 meV, we could clearly distinguish the Brillouin peaks from the quasielastic Rayleigh feature. Data at different wave numbers were utilized to derive a sound speed of 5.9±0.5 km/s, marking a high-temperature data point for methane and demonstrating consistency with Birch's law in this parameter regime. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

U2 - 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029

DO - 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.l022029

M3 - Article

SN - 2643-1564

VL - 6

JO - Physical Review Research

JF - Physical Review Research

IS - 2

M1 - L022029

ER -

Speed of sound in methane under conditions of planetary interiors

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