Synthesis and process parameter optimization of biodiesel from jojoba oil using response surface methodology

Jojoba seed is an attractive alternative energy source in Saudi Arabia due to its high adaptability to harsh weather, saline water, desert, and hot temperature. In the present study, cold-pressed jojoba oil is used for the synthesis of biodiesel. In addition to that, this research work carried out a detailed optimization study of process parameters using response surface methodology. An empirical model is developed and employed for the optimization of process parameters. The study also investigates the significance of process parameters on biodiesel yield from the jojoba seed. Results show that the molar ratio of methanol to oil is the most significant input parameter, followed by the reaction time and NaOH concentration. The developed model was further validated using experimental results. The study also examined the combined effects of process parameters on process optimization. The maximum yield conditions are 15.99 molar ratio of methanol to jojoba oil, 15-min reaction time, and 1.5 wt% NaOH concentration.