The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing

Na Xue; Xidong Mu; Yue Chen; Yuanwei Liu

doi:10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257

The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing

Na Xue^*
, Xidong Mu
, Yue Chen^*
, Yuanwei Liu

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Electronics, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

26 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

A novel near-field (NF) radio sensing antenna array design framework is proposed, where the circular antenna arrays are exploited to be compatible with the propagation of the spherical wavefronts. The uniform circular antenna (UCA) and uniform concentric circular antenna (UCCA) are investigated to investigate the impact of antenna geometry design on radio sensing performance. By exploiting the uniform spherical wavefront (USW) model in NF propagation, the approximate Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) expressions of both the angle and distance estimation are given. To further evaluate the impact of antenna array geometry design, the corresponding closed-form CRB expression with the isotropic beamforming design is derived. Numerical results validated that the proposed approximate CRB expressions are close to the numerical results, which indicates that the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) about angle and distance in NF can be approximated as a diagonal matrix. When the target is located in the co-plane of the antenna array, the angle and distance estimation performance of UCA are usually better than UCCA with the same aperture size and antennas.

Original language	English
Title of host publication	2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings
Editors	Matthew Valenti, David Reed, Melissa Torres
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Pages	480-485
Number of pages	6
ISBN (Electronic)	9798331596248
ISBN (Print)	9798331596255
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257
Publication status	Published - 22 Sept 2025
Event	2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2025 - Montreal, Canada Duration: 08 Jun 2025 → 12 Jun 2025

Publication series

Name	2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)
Publisher	IEEE
ISSN (Print)	2164-7038
ISSN (Electronic)	2694-2941

Conference

Conference	2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2025
Country/Territory	Canada
City	Montreal
Period	08/06/2025 → 12/06/2025

Publications and Copyright Policy

This work is licensed under Queen’s Research Publications and Copyright Policy.

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

antenna design
beamformer design
near-field (NF)
radio sensing

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Artificial Intelligence
Computer Networks and Communications
Computer Science Applications
Signal Processing
Information Systems and Management
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment

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10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257Licence: Unspecified

The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing
Copyright 2025 The Authors. This accepted manuscript is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.
Accepted author manuscript, 612 KBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

Xue, N., Mu, X., Chen, Y., & Liu, Y. (2025). The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing. In M. Valenti, D. Reed, & M. Torres (Eds.), 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings (pp. 480-485). (2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257

Xue, Na ; Mu, Xidong ; Chen, Yue et al. / The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings. editor / Matthew Valenti ; David Reed ; Melissa Torres. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. pp. 480-485 (2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)).

@inproceedings{27e831aa405846f1abd479999f678dfb,

title = "The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing",

abstract = "A novel near-field (NF) radio sensing antenna array design framework is proposed, where the circular antenna arrays are exploited to be compatible with the propagation of the spherical wavefronts. The uniform circular antenna (UCA) and uniform concentric circular antenna (UCCA) are investigated to investigate the impact of antenna geometry design on radio sensing performance. By exploiting the uniform spherical wavefront (USW) model in NF propagation, the approximate Cram{\'e}r-Rao bound (CRB) expressions of both the angle and distance estimation are given. To further evaluate the impact of antenna array geometry design, the corresponding closed-form CRB expression with the isotropic beamforming design is derived. Numerical results validated that the proposed approximate CRB expressions are close to the numerical results, which indicates that the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) about angle and distance in NF can be approximated as a diagonal matrix. When the target is located in the co-plane of the antenna array, the angle and distance estimation performance of UCA are usually better than UCCA with the same aperture size and antennas. ",

keywords = "antenna design, beamformer design, near-field (NF), radio sensing",

author = "Na Xue and Xidong Mu and Yue Chen and Yuanwei Liu",

year = "2025",

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doi = "10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257",

language = "English",

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booktitle = "2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings",

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Xue, N, Mu, X, Chen, Y & Liu, Y 2025, The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing. in M Valenti, D Reed & M Torres (eds), 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings. 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., pp. 480-485, 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2025, Montreal, Canada, 08/06/2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257

The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing. / Xue, Na; Mu, Xidong; Chen, Yue et al.
2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings. ed. / Matthew Valenti; David Reed; Melissa Torres. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2025. p. 480-485 (2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)).

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceeding › Conference contribution

TY - GEN

T1 - The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing

AU - Xue, Na

AU - Mu, Xidong

AU - Chen, Yue

AU - Liu, Yuanwei

PY - 2025/9/22

Y1 - 2025/9/22

N2 - A novel near-field (NF) radio sensing antenna array design framework is proposed, where the circular antenna arrays are exploited to be compatible with the propagation of the spherical wavefronts. The uniform circular antenna (UCA) and uniform concentric circular antenna (UCCA) are investigated to investigate the impact of antenna geometry design on radio sensing performance. By exploiting the uniform spherical wavefront (USW) model in NF propagation, the approximate Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) expressions of both the angle and distance estimation are given. To further evaluate the impact of antenna array geometry design, the corresponding closed-form CRB expression with the isotropic beamforming design is derived. Numerical results validated that the proposed approximate CRB expressions are close to the numerical results, which indicates that the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) about angle and distance in NF can be approximated as a diagonal matrix. When the target is located in the co-plane of the antenna array, the angle and distance estimation performance of UCA are usually better than UCCA with the same aperture size and antennas.

AB - A novel near-field (NF) radio sensing antenna array design framework is proposed, where the circular antenna arrays are exploited to be compatible with the propagation of the spherical wavefronts. The uniform circular antenna (UCA) and uniform concentric circular antenna (UCCA) are investigated to investigate the impact of antenna geometry design on radio sensing performance. By exploiting the uniform spherical wavefront (USW) model in NF propagation, the approximate Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) expressions of both the angle and distance estimation are given. To further evaluate the impact of antenna array geometry design, the corresponding closed-form CRB expression with the isotropic beamforming design is derived. Numerical results validated that the proposed approximate CRB expressions are close to the numerical results, which indicates that the Fisher Information Matrix (FIM) about angle and distance in NF can be approximated as a diagonal matrix. When the target is located in the co-plane of the antenna array, the angle and distance estimation performance of UCA are usually better than UCCA with the same aperture size and antennas.

KW - antenna design

KW - beamformer design

KW - near-field (NF)

KW - radio sensing

U2 - 10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257

DO - 10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257

M3 - Conference contribution

AN - SCOPUS:105018098884

SN - 9798331596255

T3 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)

SP - 480

EP - 485

BT - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings

A2 - Valenti, Matthew

A2 - Reed, David

A2 - Torres, Melissa

PB - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

T2 - 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops, ICC Workshops 2025

Y2 - 8 June 2025 through 12 June 2025

ER -

Xue N, Mu X, Chen Y, Liu Y. The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing. In Valenti M, Reed D, Torres M, editors, 2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops): Proceedings. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc. 2025. p. 480-485. (2025 IEEE International Conference on Communications Workshops (ICC Workshops)). doi: 10.1109/ICCWorkshops67674.2025.11162257

The circular antenna array framework for near-field radio sensing

Abstract

Publication series

Conference

Publications and Copyright Policy

UN SDGs

Keywords

ASJC Scopus subject areas

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Cite this