The high-pressure lithium-palladium and lithium-palladium-hydrogen systems

Mungo Frost; Emma E. McBride; Jesse S. Smith; Siegfried H. Glenzer

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-16694-2

The high-pressure lithium-palladium and lithium-palladium-hydrogen systems

Mungo Frost^*
, Emma E. McBride
, Jesse S. Smith
, Siegfried H. Glenzer

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

The lithium–palladium and lithium–palladium–hydrogen systems are investigated at high pressures at and above room temperature. Two novel lithium–palladium compounds are found below 18.7GPa. An ambient temperature phase is tentatively assigned as F4¯3mLi17Pd4, with a= 17.661 (1 ) Å at 8.64 GPa, isostructural with Li ₁₇Sn ₄. The other phase occurs at high-temperature and is I4¯3mLi11Pd2, a= 9.218 (1 ) Å at 3.88 GPa and 200 ^∘C , similar to Li ₁₁Pt ₂, which is also known at high pressure. The presence of hydrogen in the system results in an I4 ¯ 3 m structure with a= 8.856 (1 ) Å at 9.74 GPa. This persists up to 13.3GPa, the highest pressure studied. Below 2GPa an fcc phase with a large unit cell, a= 19.324 (1 ) Å at 0.39 GPa, is also observed in the presence of hydrogen. On heating the hydrogen containing system at 4 GPa the I4 ¯ 3 m phases persists to the melting point of lithium. In both systems melting the lithium results in the loss of crystalline diffraction from palladium containing phases. This is attributed to dissolution of the palladium in the molten lithium, and on cooling the palladium remains dispersed.

Original language	English
Article number	12341
Journal	Nature Scientific Reports
Volume	12
Early online date	19 Jul 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-16694-2
Publication status	Published - Dec 2022
Externally published	Yes

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Eric Rod and Curtis Kenney-Benson. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences funding No. FWP100182. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the Panofsky Fellowship awarded to E.E.M. Equipment support from Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL) is acknowledged under DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray diffraction was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA’s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Eric Rod and Curtis Kenney-Benson. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences funding No. FWP100182. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the Panofsky Fellowship awarded to E.E.M. Equipment support from Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL) is acknowledged under DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray diffraction was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA’s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

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The high-pressure lithium–palladium and lithium–palladium–hydrogen systems
Copyright 2022 the authors. This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited
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Cite this

@article{f47ff4042858484b801ed7822c13c1c2,

title = "The high-pressure lithium-palladium and lithium-palladium-hydrogen systems",

abstract = "The lithium–palladium and lithium–palladium–hydrogen systems are investigated at high pressures at and above room temperature. Two novel lithium–palladium compounds are found below 18.7GPa. An ambient temperature phase is tentatively assigned as F4¯3mLi17Pd4, with a= 17.661 (1 ) {\AA} at 8.64 GPa, isostructural with Li 17Sn 4. The other phase occurs at high-temperature and is I4¯3mLi11Pd2, a= 9.218 (1 ) {\AA} at 3.88 GPa and 200 ∘C , similar to Li 11Pt 2, which is also known at high pressure. The presence of hydrogen in the system results in an I4 ¯ 3 m structure with a= 8.856 (1 ) {\AA} at 9.74 GPa. This persists up to 13.3GPa, the highest pressure studied. Below 2GPa an fcc phase with a large unit cell, a= 19.324 (1 ) {\AA} at 0.39 GPa, is also observed in the presence of hydrogen. On heating the hydrogen containing system at 4 GPa the I4 ¯ 3 m phases persists to the melting point of lithium. In both systems melting the lithium results in the loss of crystalline diffraction from palladium containing phases. This is attributed to dissolution of the palladium in the molten lithium, and on cooling the palladium remains dispersed.",

author = "Mungo Frost and McBride, \{Emma E.\} and Smith, \{Jesse S.\} and Glenzer, \{Siegfried H.\}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Eric Rod and Curtis Kenney-Benson. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences funding No. FWP100182. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the Panofsky Fellowship awarded to E.E.M. Equipment support from Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL) is acknowledged under DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray diffraction was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA{\textquoteright}s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Eric Rod and Curtis Kenney-Benson. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences funding No. FWP100182. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the Panofsky Fellowship awarded to E.E.M. Equipment support from Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL) is acknowledged under DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray diffraction was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA{\textquoteright}s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",

year = "2022",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1038/s41598-022-16694-2",

language = "English",

volume = "12",

journal = "Nature Scientific Reports",

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AU - Frost, Mungo

AU - McBride, Emma E.

AU - Smith, Jesse S.

AU - Glenzer, Siegfried H.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Eric Rod and Curtis Kenney-Benson. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences funding No. FWP100182. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the Panofsky Fellowship awarded to E.E.M. Equipment support from Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL) is acknowledged under DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray diffraction was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA’s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Eric Rod and Curtis Kenney-Benson. This work was supported by U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Fusion Energy Sciences funding No. FWP100182. This work was supported by the Department of Energy, Laboratory Directed Research and Development program at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 and as part of the Panofsky Fellowship awarded to E.E.M. Equipment support from Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Light source (SSRL) is acknowledged under DOE Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515. X-ray diffraction was performed at HPCAT (Sector 16), Advanced Photon Source (APS), Argonne National Laboratory. HPCAT operations are supported by DOE-NNSA’s Office of Experimental Sciences. The Advanced Photon Source is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022/12

Y1 - 2022/12

N2 - The lithium–palladium and lithium–palladium–hydrogen systems are investigated at high pressures at and above room temperature. Two novel lithium–palladium compounds are found below 18.7GPa. An ambient temperature phase is tentatively assigned as F4¯3mLi17Pd4, with a= 17.661 (1 ) Å at 8.64 GPa, isostructural with Li 17Sn 4. The other phase occurs at high-temperature and is I4¯3mLi11Pd2, a= 9.218 (1 ) Å at 3.88 GPa and 200 ∘C , similar to Li 11Pt 2, which is also known at high pressure. The presence of hydrogen in the system results in an I4 ¯ 3 m structure with a= 8.856 (1 ) Å at 9.74 GPa. This persists up to 13.3GPa, the highest pressure studied. Below 2GPa an fcc phase with a large unit cell, a= 19.324 (1 ) Å at 0.39 GPa, is also observed in the presence of hydrogen. On heating the hydrogen containing system at 4 GPa the I4 ¯ 3 m phases persists to the melting point of lithium. In both systems melting the lithium results in the loss of crystalline diffraction from palladium containing phases. This is attributed to dissolution of the palladium in the molten lithium, and on cooling the palladium remains dispersed.

AB - The lithium–palladium and lithium–palladium–hydrogen systems are investigated at high pressures at and above room temperature. Two novel lithium–palladium compounds are found below 18.7GPa. An ambient temperature phase is tentatively assigned as F4¯3mLi17Pd4, with a= 17.661 (1 ) Å at 8.64 GPa, isostructural with Li 17Sn 4. The other phase occurs at high-temperature and is I4¯3mLi11Pd2, a= 9.218 (1 ) Å at 3.88 GPa and 200 ∘C , similar to Li 11Pt 2, which is also known at high pressure. The presence of hydrogen in the system results in an I4 ¯ 3 m structure with a= 8.856 (1 ) Å at 9.74 GPa. This persists up to 13.3GPa, the highest pressure studied. Below 2GPa an fcc phase with a large unit cell, a= 19.324 (1 ) Å at 0.39 GPa, is also observed in the presence of hydrogen. On heating the hydrogen containing system at 4 GPa the I4 ¯ 3 m phases persists to the melting point of lithium. In both systems melting the lithium results in the loss of crystalline diffraction from palladium containing phases. This is attributed to dissolution of the palladium in the molten lithium, and on cooling the palladium remains dispersed.

U2 - 10.1038/s41598-022-16694-2

DO - 10.1038/s41598-022-16694-2

M3 - Article

C2 - 35853930

SN - 2045-2322

VL - 12

JO - Nature Scientific Reports

JF - Nature Scientific Reports

M1 - 12341

ER -

The high-pressure lithium-palladium and lithium-palladium-hydrogen systems

Abstract

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