The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System

Oderah Justin Otor; Benjamin T. Montet; John Asher Johnson; David Charbonneau; Andrew Collier-Cameron; Andrew W. Howard; Howard Isaacson; David W. Latham; Mercedes Lopez-Morales; Christophe Lovis; Michel Mayor; Giusi Micela; Emilio Molinari; Francesco Pepe; Giampaolo Piotto; David F. Phillips; Didier Queloz; Ken Rice; Dimitar Sasselov; Damien Ségransan; Alessandro Sozzetti; Stéphane Udry; Chris Watson

doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165

The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System

Oderah Justin Otor
, Benjamin T. Montet
, John Asher Johnson
, David Charbonneau
, Andrew Collier-Cameron
, Andrew W. Howard
, Howard Isaacson
, David W. Latham
, Mercedes Lopez-Morales
, Christophe Lovis
, Michel Mayor
, Giusi Micela
, Emilio Molinari
, Francesco Pepe
, Giampaolo Piotto
, David F. Phillips
, Didier Queloz
, Ken Rice
, Dimitar Sasselov
, Damien Ségransan

Alessandro Sozzetti, Stéphane Udry, Chris Watson

Astrophysics Research Centre (ARC)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

42 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

While the vast majority of multiple-planet systems have orbital angular momentum axes that align with the spin axis of their host star, Kepler-56 is an exception: its two transiting planets are coplanar yet misaligned by at least 40° with respect to the rotation axis of their host star. Additional follow-up observations of Kepler-56 suggest the presence of a massive, non-transiting companion that may help explain this misalignment. We model the transit data along with Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N radial velocity data to update the masses of the two transiting planets and infer the physical properties of the third, non-transiting planet. We employ a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampler to calculate the best-fitting orbital parameters and their uncertainties for each planet. We find the outer planet has a period of 1002 ± 5 days and minimum mass of 5.61 ± 0.38 {M}{Jup}. We also place a 95% upper limit of 0.80 m s-1 yr-1 on long-term trends caused by additional, more distant companions.

Original language	English
Article number	165
Number of pages	7
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	152
Issue number	6
Early online date	15 Nov 2016
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165
Publication status	Published - 01 Dec 2016

Keywords

planets and satellites: fundamental parameters
planets and satellites: individual: Kepler-56
techniques: radial velocities

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The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System
© 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies.
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Otor, O. J., Montet, B. T., Johnson, J. A., Charbonneau, D., Collier-Cameron, A., Howard, A. W., Isaacson, H., Latham, D. W., Lopez-Morales, M., Lovis, C., Mayor, M., Micela, G., Molinari, E., Pepe, F., Piotto, G., Phillips, D. F., Queloz, D., Rice, K., Sasselov, D., ... Watson, C. (2016). The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System. Astronomical Journal, 152(6), Article 165. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165

@article{2819dcd9f0df4f9b8dc71b54a05ef801,

title = "The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System",

abstract = "While the vast majority of multiple-planet systems have orbital angular momentum axes that align with the spin axis of their host star, Kepler-56 is an exception: its two transiting planets are coplanar yet misaligned by at least 40° with respect to the rotation axis of their host star. Additional follow-up observations of Kepler-56 suggest the presence of a massive, non-transiting companion that may help explain this misalignment. We model the transit data along with Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N radial velocity data to update the masses of the two transiting planets and infer the physical properties of the third, non-transiting planet. We employ a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampler to calculate the best-fitting orbital parameters and their uncertainties for each planet. We find the outer planet has a period of 1002 ± 5 days and minimum mass of 5.61 ± 0.38 \{M\}\{Jup\}. We also place a 95\% upper limit of 0.80 m s-1 yr-1 on long-term trends caused by additional, more distant companions.",

keywords = "planets and satellites: fundamental parameters, planets and satellites: individual: Kepler-56, techniques: radial velocities",

author = "Otor, \{Oderah Justin\} and Montet, \{Benjamin T.\} and Johnson, \{John Asher\} and David Charbonneau and Andrew Collier-Cameron and Howard, \{Andrew W.\} and Howard Isaacson and Latham, \{David W.\} and Mercedes Lopez-Morales and Christophe Lovis and Michel Mayor and Giusi Micela and Emilio Molinari and Francesco Pepe and Giampaolo Piotto and Phillips, \{David F.\} and Didier Queloz and Ken Rice and Dimitar Sasselov and Damien S{\'e}gransan and Alessandro Sozzetti and St{\'e}phane Udry and Chris Watson",

year = "2016",

month = dec,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165",

language = "English",

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journal = "Astronomical Journal",

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Otor, OJ, Montet, BT, Johnson, JA, Charbonneau, D, Collier-Cameron, A, Howard, AW, Isaacson, H, Latham, DW, Lopez-Morales, M, Lovis, C, Mayor, M, Micela, G, Molinari, E, Pepe, F, Piotto, G, Phillips, DF, Queloz, D, Rice, K, Sasselov, D, Ségransan, D, Sozzetti, A, Udry, S & Watson, C 2016, 'The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System', Astronomical Journal, vol. 152, no. 6, 165. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System

AU - Otor, Oderah Justin

AU - Montet, Benjamin T.

AU - Johnson, John Asher

AU - Charbonneau, David

AU - Collier-Cameron, Andrew

AU - Howard, Andrew W.

AU - Isaacson, Howard

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Lopez-Morales, Mercedes

AU - Lovis, Christophe

AU - Mayor, Michel

AU - Micela, Giusi

AU - Molinari, Emilio

AU - Pepe, Francesco

AU - Piotto, Giampaolo

AU - Phillips, David F.

AU - Queloz, Didier

AU - Rice, Ken

AU - Sasselov, Dimitar

AU - Ségransan, Damien

AU - Sozzetti, Alessandro

AU - Udry, Stéphane

AU - Watson, Chris

PY - 2016/12/1

Y1 - 2016/12/1

N2 - While the vast majority of multiple-planet systems have orbital angular momentum axes that align with the spin axis of their host star, Kepler-56 is an exception: its two transiting planets are coplanar yet misaligned by at least 40° with respect to the rotation axis of their host star. Additional follow-up observations of Kepler-56 suggest the presence of a massive, non-transiting companion that may help explain this misalignment. We model the transit data along with Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N radial velocity data to update the masses of the two transiting planets and infer the physical properties of the third, non-transiting planet. We employ a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampler to calculate the best-fitting orbital parameters and their uncertainties for each planet. We find the outer planet has a period of 1002 ± 5 days and minimum mass of 5.61 ± 0.38 {M}{Jup}. We also place a 95% upper limit of 0.80 m s-1 yr-1 on long-term trends caused by additional, more distant companions.

AB - While the vast majority of multiple-planet systems have orbital angular momentum axes that align with the spin axis of their host star, Kepler-56 is an exception: its two transiting planets are coplanar yet misaligned by at least 40° with respect to the rotation axis of their host star. Additional follow-up observations of Kepler-56 suggest the presence of a massive, non-transiting companion that may help explain this misalignment. We model the transit data along with Keck/HIRES and HARPS-N radial velocity data to update the masses of the two transiting planets and infer the physical properties of the third, non-transiting planet. We employ a Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampler to calculate the best-fitting orbital parameters and their uncertainties for each planet. We find the outer planet has a period of 1002 ± 5 days and minimum mass of 5.61 ± 0.38 {M}{Jup}. We also place a 95% upper limit of 0.80 m s-1 yr-1 on long-term trends caused by additional, more distant companions.

KW - planets and satellites: fundamental parameters

KW - planets and satellites: individual: Kepler-56

KW - techniques: radial velocities

U2 - 10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165

DO - 10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/165

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 152

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 6

M1 - 165

ER -

The Orbit and Mass of the Third Planet in the Kepler-56 System

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Keywords

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