Visual framing of climate change during natural disasters at home and abroad: an analysis of British News

Defne Günay*, Öykü Yenen Aytekin, Gizem Melek*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

The connection between climate change and its consequences is often implicit for the general public. Moreover, the public often perceives climate change as a phenomenon affecting distant regions and future generations, rather than recognizing its immediate repercussions. Media play a pivotal role in informing the public on climate change and its consequences including increased frequency and intensity of natural disasters. Our research examines the visual frames employed by British news outlets during periods of natural disasters transpiring in the United Kingdom, or globally. Our research aims to reveal the most common visual frames used, whether nature is framed as a threat, and whether psychologically distant visuals are used at times of natural disasters. We analysed 2413 images extracted from 907 climate change-related news articles from British publications, namely the Guardian, BBC, and Daily Mail, published during periods marked by natural disasters. We find that the natural environment is not visually framed as threatening, despite the experience of natural disasters. Second, we observe that the news stories mostly reduced psychological distance by using the person frames using a camera angle that creates empathy. However, they also undermine this effect by not providing geographical details regarding origins of persons and location of the scenes depicted in the visuals. Furthermore, significant differences exist in the frames utilised by different outlets we analysed. Our study demonstrates that the visuals used in news stories also tell a story about climate change and this story has a potential to reduce the perceived distance of climate change effects on the viewer, offering ways to improve visual framing of climate change.
Original languageEnglish
JournalVisual Communication
Publication statusAccepted - 27 Jan 2025

Keywords

  • Climate change
  • natural disasters
  • Visual framing
  • Content analysis

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