Abstract
Objectives:
CFMATTERS is a randomized, controlled trial of the effectivenessand safety of microbiome-directed, tailored antimicrobial treatmentsversus current empirical therapy in the treatment of pulmonary exacerbationsin CF patients. Our aim was to assess changes in the lower airwaymicrobiota of CF patients and to compare the use of microbiome-directedantibiotic treatment versus standard therapy for CF patients experiencingpulmonary exacerbations.
Methods:
Sputum samples (n = 135) were collected from patients (n = 27)during stability, prior to treatment for an infective exacerbation (day 0) andat three time-points post-exacerbation (day 14; day 28; 3 months). Patientswere stratified into two groups, receiving standard treatment (Tobramycinand Ceftazidime or Aztreonam) or standard treatment and an additionalthird antibiotic based on the 3rd and 4th most common taxa detected bynext-generation sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted and microbialcommunity profiles determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA marker geneusing the Illumina MiSeq platform.
Results:
In both treatment arms relative abundance of Pseudomonas spp.decreased following treatment (day 0), associated with a marked increasein members of Streptococcus spp., Prevotella spp. and Veillonella spp. By day28 the microbiota had reverted back pre-treatment relative abundance, andremained stable for up to 3 months.Conclusion: Airway microbial community composition remains relativelystable with the main alteration being associated with antibiotic treatmentfor pulmonary exacerbations.
Acknowledgement: Funding: CFMATTERS (EUFP7, 603038).
CFMATTERS is a randomized, controlled trial of the effectivenessand safety of microbiome-directed, tailored antimicrobial treatmentsversus current empirical therapy in the treatment of pulmonary exacerbationsin CF patients. Our aim was to assess changes in the lower airwaymicrobiota of CF patients and to compare the use of microbiome-directedantibiotic treatment versus standard therapy for CF patients experiencingpulmonary exacerbations.
Methods:
Sputum samples (n = 135) were collected from patients (n = 27)during stability, prior to treatment for an infective exacerbation (day 0) andat three time-points post-exacerbation (day 14; day 28; 3 months). Patientswere stratified into two groups, receiving standard treatment (Tobramycinand Ceftazidime or Aztreonam) or standard treatment and an additionalthird antibiotic based on the 3rd and 4th most common taxa detected bynext-generation sequencing. Genomic DNA was extracted and microbialcommunity profiles determined by sequencing the 16S rRNA marker geneusing the Illumina MiSeq platform.
Results:
In both treatment arms relative abundance of Pseudomonas spp.decreased following treatment (day 0), associated with a marked increasein members of Streptococcus spp., Prevotella spp. and Veillonella spp. By day28 the microbiota had reverted back pre-treatment relative abundance, andremained stable for up to 3 months.Conclusion: Airway microbial community composition remains relativelystable with the main alteration being associated with antibiotic treatmentfor pulmonary exacerbations.
Acknowledgement: Funding: CFMATTERS (EUFP7, 603038).
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | S4 |
| Journal | Journal of Cystic Fibrosis |
| Volume | 16 |
| Issue number | supplement 1 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 01 Jun 2017 |
| Event | 40th European Cystic Fibrosis Conference 2017 - Seville, Spain Duration: 07 Jul 2017 → 10 Jul 2017 https://www.ecfs.eu/seville2017 |
Keywords
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Clinical Study
- Microbiota
- Microbiome
- Antibiotic Therapy
- Sputum
- Exacerbations
- Aerobic Bacteria
- Anaerobic Bacteria
- Infection
- airways disease