Developing good practice in autism and harmful sexual behaviour (HSB)

Abstract

This research aims to support the development of good practice in relation to autistic children and adolescents with harmful sexual behaviours (HSB). The need for adapted guidance for this population had been identified by frontline practitioners in a range of agencies. The objectives of the research were to contribute to the limited research knowledge base; to understand what guidance was required and to develop, peer review and pilot practice guidance on autism and HSB to meet the practitioners’ needs.

An action research framework was used to include the practitioners in two phases of work. First phase, the development of theoretical concepts re autism and HSB, using the literature review, surveys and interviews. Second phase an external review of draft practice guidance through peer review and pilot processes, both of which included autistic professionals. Being part of the research has already had an impact on HSB practice with the Practice Guidance providing a starting point for further development in this emerging area of work.

The key findings from the research led to the creation of theoretical constructs on the similarities and differences when working with autistic children and adolescents with HSB, with regard to their family backgrounds; trauma/abuse experiences and the meaning, motivation and intent of their sexual behaviours. Also how HSB practice can be adapted to facilitate better communication and engagement in assessments and interventions. This is the first study reporting on autistic children and HSB and also to consider the challenges of working with undiagnosed individuals with possible autistic characteristics. It highlights what already works in HSB practice, as well as the need for more preventative, detailed sex and relationship education. The research raises areas for further research required particularly with regard to autism and recidivism with the potential for overestimation of risk.

Date of Award	Jul 2025
Original language	English
Awarding Institution	Queen's University Belfast
Sponsors	Department of Education
Supervisor	Lisa Bunting (Supervisor) & Dirk Schubotz (Supervisor)